Tomb/tomb

#!/bin/zsh
#
# Tomb, the Crypto Undertaker
#
# a tool to easily operate file encryption of private and secret data
#
# {{{ Copyleft (C) 2007-2013 Denis Roio <jaromil@dyne.org>

#
# This source  code is free  software; you can redistribute  it and/or
# modify it under the terms of  the GNU Public License as published by
# the Free  Software Foundation; either  version 3 of the  License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This source code is distributed in  the hope that it will be useful,
# but  WITHOUT ANY  WARRANTY;  without even  the  implied warranty  of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
# Please refer to the GNU Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Public License along with
# this source code; if not, write to:
# Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

# }}}
# {{{ GLOBAL VARIABLES
VERSION=1.3
DATE="Apr/2013"
TOMBEXEC=$0
TOMBOPENEXEC="${TOMBEXEC}-open"
typeset -a OLDARGS
for arg in ${argv}; do OLDARGS+=($arg); done
STEGHIDE=1
MKTEMP=1
RESIZER=1
MOUNTOPTS="rw,noatime,nodev"

typeset -A global_opts
typeset -A opts
typeset -h username

typeset -h _uid
typeset -h _gid
typeset -h _tty

# Set a sensible PATH
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
[[ "$TOMBEXEC" =~ "^/usr/local" ]] && PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:$PATH"


# }}}
# {{{ HELPER FUNCTIONS

# {{{ OPTION PARSING
# {{{ - Check an option
option_is_set() {
    #First argument, the option (something like "-s")
    #Second (optional) argument: if it's "out", command will print it out 'set'/'unset'
    #                       This is useful for if conditions
    #Return 0 if is set, 1 otherwise
    [[ -n ${(k)opts[$1]} ]];
    r=$?
    if [[ $2 == out ]]; then
        if [[ $r == 0 ]]; then
            echo 'set'
        else
            echo 'unset'
        fi
    fi
    return $r;
}
# }}}
# {{{ - Get an option value
option_value() {
    #First argument, the option (something like "-s")
    <<< ${opts[$1]}
}
# }}}
# }}}


# {{{ - Standard output message routines

function _msg() {
    local command="print -P"
    local progname="$fg[magenta]${TOMBEXEC##*/}$reset_color"
    local message="$fg_bold[normal]$fg_no_bold[normal]${2}$reset_color"
    local -i returncode

    case "$1" in
	inline)
	    command+=" -n"; pchars=" > "; pcolor="yellow"
	    ;;
	message)
	    pchars=" . "; pcolor="white"; message="$fg_no_bold[$pcolor]${2}$reset_color"
	    ;;
	verbose)
	    pchars="[D]"; pcolor="blue"
	    ;;
	success)
	    pchars="(*)"; pcolor="green"; message="$fg_no_bold[$pcolor]${2}$reset_color"
	    ;;
	warning)
	    pchars="[W]"; pcolor="yellow"; message="$fg_no_bold[$pcolor]${2}$reset_color"
	    ;;
	failure)
	    pchars="[E]"; pcolor="red"; message="$fg_no_bold[$pcolor]${2}$reset_color"
	    returncode=1
	    ;;
	*)
	    pchars="[F]"; pcolor="red"
	    message="Developer oops!  Usage: _msg MESSAGE_TYPE \"MESSAGE_CONTENT\""
	    returncode=127
	    ;;
    esac
    ${=command} "${progname} $fg_bold[$pcolor]$pchars$reset_color ${message}$color[reset_color]" >&2
    return $returncode
}
function _message say()
{
    local notice="message"
    [[ "$1" = "-n" ]] && shift && notice="inline"
    option_is_set -q || _msg "$notice" "$1"
    return 0
}
alias act="_message -n"
function _verbose xxx()
{
    option_is_set -D && _msg verbose "$1"
    return 0
}
function _success yes()
{
    option_is_set -q || _msg success "$1"
    return 0
}
function _warning  no()
{
    option_is_set -q || _msg warning "$1"
    return 1
}
function _failure die()
{
    typeset -i exitcode=${2:-1}
    option_is_set -q || _msg failure "$1"
    exit $exitcode
}
progress() {
    #      $1 is "what is progressing"
    #      $2 is "percentage"
    #      $3 is (eventually blank) status
    #      Example: if creating a tomb, it could be sth like
    #          progress create 0 filling with random data
    #          progress create 40 generating key
    #          progress keygen 0 please move the mouse
    #          progress keygen 30 please move the mouse
    #          progress keygen 60 please move the mouse
    #          progress keygen 100 key generated
    #          progress create 80 please enter password
    #          progress create 90 formatting the tomb
    #          progress create 100 tomb created successfully
    if ! option_is_set --batch; then
        return
    fi
    print "[m][P][$1][$2][$3]" >&2

}

# }}}
# {{{ - CHECK BINARY DEPENDENCIES

check_bin() {
    # check for required programs
    for req in cryptsetup pinentry sudo gpg; do
	command -v $req >/dev/null || die "Cannot find $req. It's a requirement to use Tomb, please install it." 1
    done

    export PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:$PATH

    # which dd command to use
    command -v dcfldd > /dev/null && DD=dcfldd || DD=dd

    # which wipe command to use
    command -v wipe > /dev/null && WIPE="wipe -f -s" || WIPE="rm -f"

    # check for filesystem creation progs
    command -v mkfs.ext4 > /dev/null && \
        MKFS="mkfs.ext4 -q -F -j -L" || \
        MKFS="mkfs.ext3 -q -F -j -L"

    # check for mktemp
    command -v mktemp > /dev/null || MKTEMP=0
    # check for steghide
    command -v steghide > /dev/null || STEGHIDE=0
    # check for resize
    command -v e2fsck resize2fs > /dev/null || RESIZER=0
    
    if which tomb-kdf-pbkdf2 &> /dev/null; then
        KDF_PBKDF2="tomb-kdf-pbkdf2"
    else
        local our_pbkdf2
        our_pbkdf2="$(dirname $(readlink -f $TOMBEXEC))/kdf/tomb-kdf-pbkdf2"
        if which $our_pbkdf2 &> /dev/null; then
            KDF_PBKDF2=$our_pbkdf2
        else
            KDF_PBKDF2=
        fi
    fi

}

# }}}
# {{{ - "SAFE" FUNCTIONS
# {{{   - Create a directory with caution

_have_shm() {
    # Check availability of 1MB of SHM
    xxx "_have_shm 0 We need only 1 MB of RAM"
    [[ -k /dev/shm ]] || return 1

    local -i SHM RAM

    SHM=$(df -k -B 4K -a -t tmpfs /dev/shm | awk '/\/dev\/shm/ { print $4; }')
    (( $? )) && return 1
    xxx "_have_shm 1 SHM $SHM KB are available"

    RAM=$(awk '/MemFree/ { print $2 }' /proc/meminfo)
    xxx "_have_shm 2 RAM $RAM KB are free"
    (( $RAM >= 1024 )) && return 0

    xxx "_have_shm 3 RAM $RAM KB left only :("
    # Now we have more RAM than affected to SHM, so we can expect some for our little needs.
    # Does that work when SHM is disabled from kernel config?
    return 1
}

safe_dir() {
    # Try and create our temporary directory in RAM
    # Note that there's no warranty the underlying FS won't swap
    # every 5 seconds (e.g., ext3)
    local -i tries
    while (( $tries < 3 )) ; do
	tries+=1
	if _have_shm; then
	    xxx "safe_dir creating directory in RAM"
	    if (( $MKTEMP )); then
		mktemp -d /dev/shm/$1.$$.XXXXXXX
	    else
   		dir="/dev/shm/$1.$$.$RANDOM$RANDOM"
		mkdir -m 0700 -p "$dir"
		print "$dir"
	    fi
	    return 0
	else
	    _warning "WARNING: we cannot ensure we're running in RAM."
 	         xxx "Wait a bit before retrying... (attempt $tries)"
	    sync && sleep 0.5
	fi
    done
    _warning "WARNING: no RAM available for me to run safely."
    return 1
}
# }}}
# {{{   - Provide a random filename in shared memory
safe_filename() {
    _have_shm || die "No access to shared memory on this system, sorry."
    (( $MKTEMP )) && \
	mktemp -u /dev/shm/$1.$$.XXXXXXX || \
	print "/dev/shm/$1.$$.$RANDOM$RANDOM"
}
# }}}
# {{{   - Check if swap is activated
check_swap() {
    # Return 0 if NO swap is used, 1 if swap is used
    # Return 2 if swap(s) is(are) used, but ALL encrypted
    local swaps=$(awk '/partition/ { print $1 }' /proc/swaps 2>/dev/null)
    [[ -z "$swaps" ]] && return 0                # No swap partition is active
    no  "An active swap partition is detected, this poses security risks."
    no  "You can deactivate all swap partitions using the command:"
    no  " swapoff -a"
    no  "But if you want to proceed like this, use the -f (force) flag."
    die "Operation aborted."
}

# }}}
# {{{   - Ask user for a password
# we use pinentry now
# comes from gpg project and is much more secure
# it also conveniently uses the right toolkit
ask_password() {

    # pinentry has no custom icon setting
    # so we need to temporary modify the gtk theme
    if [ -r /usr/local/share/themes/tomb/gtk-2.0-key/gtkrc ]; then
	GTK2_RC=/usr/local/share/themes/tomb/gtk-2.0-key/gtkrc
    elif [ -r /usr/share/themes/tomb/gtk-2.0-key/gtkrc ]; then
	GTK2_RC=/usr/share/themes/tomb/gtk-2.0-key/gtkrc
    fi

    title="Insert tomb password"
    if [ $2 ]; then title="$2"; fi

    output=`cat <<EOF | GTK2_RC_FILES=${GTK2_RC} pinentry 2>/dev/null | tail -n +7
OPTION ttyname=$TTY
OPTION lc-ctype=$LANG
SETTITLE $title
SETDESC $1
SETPROMPT Password:
GETPIN
EOF`
    if [[ `tail -n1 <<<$output` =~ ERR ]]; then
        return 1
    fi
    head -n1 <<<$output | awk '/^D / { sub(/^D /, ""); print }'
    return 0
}
# }}}
# {{{   - Drop privileges
exec_as_user() {
    if ! [ $SUDO_USER ]; then
	exec $@[@]
	return $?
    fi

    xxx "exec_as_user '$SUDO_USER': ${(f)@}"
    sudo -u $SUDO_USER "${@[@]}"
    return $?
}
# }}}
# {{{   - Escalate privileges
check_priv() {
    # save original user
    username=$USER
    if [ $UID != 0 ]; then
	xxx "Using sudo for root execution of 'tomb ${(f)OLDARGS}'"
	# check if sudo has a timestamp active
	sudok=false
#     sudo -n ${TOMBEXEC} &> /dev/null
	if ! option_is_set --sudo-pwd; then
            if [ $? != 0 ]; then # if not then ask a password
		cat <<EOF | pinentry 2>/dev/null | awk '/^D / { sub(/^D /, ""); print }' | sudo -S -v
OPTION ttyname=$TTY
OPTION lc-ctype=$LANG
SETTITLE Super user privileges required
SETDESC Sudo execution of Tomb ${OLDARGS[@]}
SETPROMPT Insert your USER password:
GETPIN
EOF
            fi
	else
            _verbose "Escalating privileges using sudo-pwd"
            sudo -S -v <<<`option_value --sudo-pwd`
	fi
	sudo "${TOMBEXEC}" -U ${UID} -G ${GID} -T ${TTY} "${(@)OLDARGS}"
	exit $?
    fi # are we root already

    # make sure necessary kernel modules are loaded
    modprobe dm_crypt 
    
    return 0
}
# }}}
check_command() {
    #generic checks; useful for interaction, to check if there are problems
    #before wasting user's time
    
    if ! option_is_set --ignore-swap && ! option_is_set -f; then
        if ! check_swap; then
            error "Swap activated. Disable it with swapoff, or use --ignore-swap"
            exit 1
        fi
    fi
}

usage() {
    cat <<EOF

Syntax: tomb [options] command [file] [place]

Commands:

 dig     create a new empty TOMB file of --size in MB
 forge   create a new KEY file and set its password
 lock    installs a lock on a TOMB to use it with KEY

 open    open an existing TOMB

 index   update the search indexes of tombs
 search  looks for filenames matching text patterns

 list    list open TOMBs

 close   close a TOMB (or all)
 slam    slam a TOMB killing all programs using it

 passwd  change the password of a KEY
EOF
    if [ "$RESIZER" = 1 ]; then
	cat <<EOF
	resize  resize a TOMB to a new --size (can only grow)
EOF
    fi
    if [ "$STEGHIDE" = 1 ]; then
	cat <<EOF
 bury       hide a KEY inside a JPEG image
 exhume     extract a KEY from a JPEG image
EOF
    fi
    cat <<EOF

Options:

 -s     size of the tomb file when creating/resizing one (in MB)
 -k     path to the key to use for opening a tomb
 -n     don't process the hooks found in tomb
 -o     mount options used to open (default: rw,noatime,nodev)
 -f     force operation (i.e. even if swap is active)

 -h     print this help
 -v     print version, license and list of available ciphers
 -q     run quietly without printing informations
 -D     print debugging information at runtime

For more informations on Tomb read the manual: man tomb
Please report bugs on <http://github.com/dyne/tomb/issues>.
EOF
}
# }}}
# {{{ - I18N FUNCTIONS
generate_translatable_strings() {
    cat <<EOF
# Tomb - The Crypto Undertaker.
# Copyright (C) 2007-2013 Dyne.org Foundation
# Denis Roio <jaromil@dyne.org>, 2013.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Tomb $VERSION\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: `date`\n"
"Last-Translator: Denis Roio <jaromil@dyne.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Tomb developers <crypto@lists.dyne.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

#
#: commandline help
#

msgid ""
EOF

    usage | awk '
{ print "\"" $0 "\"" }'
    cat <<EOF
msgstr ""

#
# tomb internal messages
#

EOF

    cat $TOMBEXEC | awk '
/(_verbose|xxx) ".*"$/ { sub( /^(_verbose|xxx)/ , "");
                 print "#: _verbose"; print "msgid " $0; print "msgstr \"\"\n" }

/(_success|yes) ".*"$/ { sub( /^(_success|yes)/ , "");
                 print "#: _success"; print "msgid " $0; print "msgstr \"\"\n" }

/(_warning|no) ".*"$/ { sub( /^(_warning|no)/ , "");
                 print "#: _warning"; print "msgid " $0; print "msgstr \"\"\n" }

/(_failure|die) ".*"$/ { sub( /^(_failure|die)/ , "");
                 print "#: _failure"; print "msgid " $0; print "msgstr \"\"\n" }

/(_message|say) ".*"$/ { sub( /^(_message|say)/ , "");
              print "#: _message"; print "msgid " $0; print "msgstr \"\"\n" }

/(_message -n|act) ".*"$/ { sub( /^(_message -n|act)/ , "");
              print "#: _message -n"; print "msgid " $0; print "msgstr \"\"\n" }
'
}
# }}}
# {{{ - HELPERS FOR KEYS
# {{{   - Encode Key
encode_key() {
    tombkey=$1
    imagefile=$2

    file $tombkey | grep PGP > /dev/null
    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
	_warning "encode failed: $tombkey is not a tomb key"
	return 1
    fi
    file $imagefile | grep JPEG > /dev/null
    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
	_warning "encode failed: $imagefile is not a jpeg image"
	return 1
    fi

    _success "Encoding key $tombkey inside image $imagefile"
    _message "please choose a password for the encoding"

    # here user is prompted for key password
    for c in 1 2 3; do
	# 3 tries to write two times a matching password
	tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass "Steg password for ${tombkey}"`
	tombpasstmp=$tombpass
	tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass "Steg password for ${tombkey} (again)"`
	if [ "$tombpasstmp" = "$tombpass" ]; then
	    break;
	fi
	unset tombpasstmp
	unset tombpass
    done

    if [ -z $tombpass ]; then
	_warning "passwords don't match, aborting operation."
	return 1
    fi

    awk '
/^-----/ {next}
/^Version/ {next}
{print $0}' ${tombkey} \
    | steghide embed --embedfile - --coverfile ${imagefile} \
    -p ${tombpass} -z 9 -e serpent cbc
    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
	_warning "encoding error: steghide reports problems"
	res=1
    else
	_success "tomb key encoded succesfully into image ${imagefile}"
	res=0
    fi

    unset tombpass

    return $res
}
# }}}
# {{{   - Decode Key
decode_key() {
    tombname=$1
    imagefile=$2
    res=1

    file $imagefile | grep JPEG > /dev/null
    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
	_warning "encode failed: $imagefile is not a jpeg image"
	return 1
    fi

    keyfile=${tombname%%\.*}.tomb.key
    if [[ -e "$keyfile" ]]; then
        _warning "Key file $keyfile already exist."
        return 1
    fi
    _message "Trying to exhume a key out of image $imagefile"
    for c in 1 2 3; do
	if [ $c = 1 ]; then
	    tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass "Steg password for ${keyfile}"`
	else
	    tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass "Steg password for $keyfile (retry $c)"`
	fi
	steghide extract -sf ${imagefile} -p ${tombpass} -xf - \
	    | awk '
BEGIN {
print "-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----"
}
{ print $0 }
END {
print "-----END PGP MESSAGE-----"
}' > ${keyfile}

	if [ "`cat ${keyfile} | wc -l`" != "3" ]; then
	    _success "${keyfile} succesfully decoded"
	    res=0
	    break;
	fi
    done

    unset tombpass

    if [ $res != 0 ]; then
	_warning "nothing found."
    fi

    return $res
}

list_gnupg_ciphers() {
    # prints an array of ciphers available in gnupg (to encrypt keys)
    # prints an error if GnuPG is not found
    which gpg > /dev/null || die "gpg (GnuPG) is not found, Tomb cannot function without it."

    ciphers=(`gpg --version | awk '
BEGIN { ciphers=0 }
/^Cipher:/ { gsub(/,/,""); sub(/^Cipher:/,""); print; ciphers=1; next }
/^Hash:/ { ciphers=0 }
{ if(ciphers==0) { next } else { gsub(/,/,""); print; } }
'`)
    echo " ${ciphers}"
    return 1
}

# }}}
# }}}
# {{{ - HOOK HELPERS
# {{{   - Execute Bind Hooks

exec_safe_bind_hooks() {
    if [[ -n ${(k)opts[-o]} ]]; then
        MOUNTOPTS=${opts[-o]}
    fi
    local MOUNTPOINT="${1}"
    local ME=${SUDO_USER:-$(whoami)}
    local HOME=$(awk -v a="$ME" -F ':' '{if ($1 == a) print $6}' /etc/passwd 2>/dev/null)
    if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
	_warning "how pitiful!  A tomb, and no HOME"
	return 1
    fi
    if [ -z "$MOUNTPOINT" -o ! -d "$MOUNTPOINT" ]; then
	_warning "cannot exec bind hooks without a mounted tomb."
	return 1
    fi
    if ! [ -r "$MOUNTPOINT/bind-hooks" ]; then
	xxx "bind-hooks not found in $MOUNTPOINT"
	return 1
    fi
    typeset -al mounted
    typeset -Al maps
    maps=($(<"$MOUNTPOINT/bind-hooks"))
    for dir in ${(k)maps}; do
	if [ "${dir[1]}" = "/" -o "${dir[1,2]}" = ".." ]; then
	    _warning "bind-hooks map format: local/to/tomb local/to/\$HOME"
	    continue
	fi
	if [ "${${maps[$dir]}[1]}" = "/" -o "${${maps[$dir]}[1,2]}" = ".." ]; then
	    _warning "bind-hooks map format: local/to/tomb local/to/\$HOME.  Rolling back"
	    for dir in ${mounted}; do umount $dir; done
	    return 1
	fi
	if [ ! -r "$HOME/${maps[$dir]}" ]; then
	    _warning "bind-hook target not existent, skipping $HOME/${maps[$dir]}"
	elif [ ! -r "$MOUNTPOINT/$dir" ]; then
	    _warning "bind-hook source not found in tomb, skipping ${MOUNTPOINT}/${dir}"
	else
	    mount -o bind,$MOUNTOPTS $MOUNTPOINT/$dir $HOME/${maps[$dir]}
	    mounted+=("$HOME/${maps[$dir]}")
	fi
    done
}

# }}}
# {{{   - POST-MOUNT HOOKS
exec_safe_post_hooks() {
    local mnt=$1 # first argument is where the tomb is mounted
    local ME=${SUDO_USER:-$(whoami)}
    if ! [ -x ${mnt}/post-hooks ]; then return; fi
    # if 'post-hooks' is found inside the tomb, check it: if it is an
    # executable, launch it as a user this might need a dialog for
    # security on what is being run, however we expect you know well
    # what is inside your tomb.  this feature opens the possibility to
    # make encrypted executables.
    cat ${mnt}/post-hooks | head -n1 | grep '^#!/'
    if [ $? = 0 ]; then
	_success "post hooks found, executing as user $SUDO_USER"
	exec_as_user ${mnt}/post-hooks $2
    fi
}
# }}}
# }}}

# }}}
# {{{ TOMB SUB-COMMANDS

# This is a new way to create tombs which dissects the whole create_tomb() into 3 clear steps:
#  - dig a .tomb (the large file) using /dev/random (takes some minutes at least)
#  - forge a .key (the small file) using /dev/urandom (good entropy needed)
#  - lock the .tomb file with the key, binding the key to the tomb (requires dm_crypt format)

forge_key() {
    _message "Commanded to forge key $1"

    if ! [ $1 ]; then
          _warning "no key name specified for creation"
        return 1
    fi

    # if swap is on, we remind the user about possible data leaks to disk
    if ! option_is_set -f && ! option_is_set --ignore-swap; then check_swap; fi


    # create the keyfile in tmpfs so that we leave less traces in RAM
    keytmp=`safe_dir tomb`
    (( $? )) && die "error creating temp dir"
    xxx "safe_dir at $keytmp"

    mount tmpfs "${keytmp}" -t tmpfs -o size=1m
    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
	_warning "cannot mount tmpfs filesystem in volatile memory"
	rm -r "${keytmp}"
	die "operation aborted." 
    fi

    tombkey="$1"

    _message "this operation takes time, keep using this computer on other tasks,"
    _message "once done you will be asked to choose a password for your tomb."
    _message "To make it faster you can move the mouse around."
    _message "If you are on a server, you can use an Entropy Generation Daemon."

    touch ${keytmp}/tomb.tmp
    chmod 0600 ${keytmp}/tomb.tmp
    random_source=/dev/random
    if option_is_set --use-urandom; then
        random_source=/dev/urandom
    fi

    if [[ $DD = "dcfldd" ]]; then
        $DD bs=1 count=256 if=$random_source of=${keytmp}/tomb.tmp statusinterval=1
    else
        $DD bs=1 count=256 if=$random_source of=${keytmp}/tomb.tmp
    fi
    if ! [ -r ${keytmp}/tomb.tmp ]; then
	_warning "cannot generate encryption key"
	umount ${keytmp}
	rm -r $keytmp
	die "operation aborted." 
    fi

    _success "Choose the password of your key: ${tombkey}"
    _message "(you can also change it later using 'tomb passwd')"
    touch ${tombkey}
    chown ${_uid}:${_gid} ${tombkey}
    chmod 0600 ${tombkey}

    tombname="$tombkey"
    # the gen_key() function takes care of the new key's encryption
    gen_key ${keytmp}/tomb.tmp > ${tombkey}

    # this does a check on the file header, virtuosism by hellekin
    # [[ `file =(awk '/^-+BEGIN/,0' $1) -bi` =~ application/pgp ]]    
    if ! is_valid_key ${tombkey}; then
        _warning "The key does not seem to be valid"
	_warning "Dumping contents to screen:"
	cat ${tombkey}
	_warning "--"
	umount ${keytmp}
	rm -r $keytmp
	die "operation aborted." 
    fi

    ${=WIPE} ${keytmp}/tomb.tmp # no need really, but anyway    
    umount ${keytmp}
    rm -r ${keytmp}

    chown ${_uid}:${_gid} ${tombkey}

    _message "done forging $tombkey"
    _success "Your key is ready:"
    ls -lh ${tombkey}
}

# Dig a tomb, means that it will create an empty file to be formatted
# as a loopback filesystem. Initially the file is filled with random data
# taken from /dev/urandom which improves the tomb's overall security
dig_tomb() {
    _message "Commanded to dig tomb $1"

    # if swap is on, we remind the user about possible data leaks to disk
    if ! option_is_set -f && ! option_is_set --ignore-swap; then check_swap; fi

    if ! [ $1 ]; then
        _warning "no tomb name specified for creation"
        return 1
    fi


    tombfile=`basename $1`
    tombdir=`dirname $1`
    # make sure the file has a .tomb extension
    tombname=${tombfile%%\.*}
    tombfile=${tombname}.tomb


    # require the specification of the size of the tomb (-s) in MB
    tombsize="`option_value -s`"

    [ $tombsize ] || die "Size argument missing, use --size"

    [[ $tombsize != <-> ]] && die "Size argument is not an integer"

    if [ -e ${tombdir}/${tombfile} ]; then
	_warning "A tomb exists already. I'm not digging here:"
	_warning " `ls -lh ${tombdir}/${tombfile}`"
	return 1
    fi
    
    _success "Creating a new tomb in ${tombdir}/${tombfile}"


    tombsize_4k=`expr $tombsize \* 1024 / 4`
    _message "Generating ${tombfile} of ${tombsize}Mb (${tombsize_4k} blocks of 4Kb)"
    # we will first touch the file and set permissions: this way, even if interrupted, permissions are right
    touch ${tombdir}/${tombfile}
    chmod 0600 "${tombdir}/${tombfile}"
    chown $_uid:$_gid "${tombdir}/${tombfile}"
    $DD if=/dev/urandom bs=4k count=${tombsize_4k} of=${tombdir}/${tombfile}

    if [ $? = 0 -a -e ${tombdir}/${tombfile} ]; then
	_message " `ls -lh ${tombdir}/${tombfile}`"
    else
	die "Error creating the tomb ${tombdir}/${tombfile}, operation aborted." 
    fi

    _success "Done digging $tombname"
    _message "your tomb is not yet ready, you need to forge a key and lock it:"
    _message "tomb forge ${tombname}.tomb.key"
    _message "tomb lock ${tombname}.tomb ${tombname}.tomb.key"
}

# this function locks a tomb with a key file
# in fact LUKS formatting the loopback volume
# it take arguments as the LUKS cipher to be used
lock_tomb_with_key() {
    if ! [ $1 ]; then
        _warning "no tomb specified for locking"
	_warning "usage: tomb lock file.tomb file.tomb.key"
        return 1
    fi

    tombfile=`basename $1`
    _message "Commanded to lock tomb ${tombfile}"

    tombdir=`dirname $1`
    # make sure the file has a .tomb extension
    tombname=${tombfile%%\.*}
    tombfile=${tombname}.tomb

    if ! [ -e ${tombdir}/${tombfile} ]; then
	die "There is no tomb here. You have to it dig first."
	return 1
    fi

    xxx "tomb found: ${tombdir}/${tombfile}"

    nstloop=`losetup -f` # get the number for next loopback device
    losetup -f ${tombdir}/${tombfile} # allocates the next loopback for our file

    xxx "loop mounted on ${nstloop}"

    _message "checking if the tomb is empty (we never step on somebody else's bones)"
        cryptsetup isLuks ${nstloop}
    if [ $? = 0 ]; then
        # is it a LUKS encrypted nest? then bail out and avoid reformatting it
        _warning "The tomb was already locked with another key"
	losetup -d ${nstloop}
	die "Operation aborted. I cannot lock an already locked tomb. Go dig a new one."
    else
	_message "fine, this tomb seems empty."
    fi

    # check if the key is set manually then use the one existing
    if option_is_set -k ; then
	if [[ "`option_value -k`" == "-" ]]; then
	    # take key from stdin
	    local tombkeydir
	    tombkeydir=`safe_dir`
	    cat > ${tombkeydir}/stdin.tmp
	    tombkey=${tombkeydir}/stdin.tmp
	else
	    # take key from a file
            tombkey=`option_value -k`
	fi
    else
	# guess key as lying besides the tomb
        tombkey=${tombdir}/${tombname}.tomb.key
    fi

    if [ -r "${tombkey}" ]; then
	_message "We'll use this key to lock the tomb:"
	_message " `ls -lh ${tombkey}`"
    else
	losetup -d ${nstloop}
	die "No key found. Use the option -k to specify a key file."
    fi

    # this does a check on the file header, virtuosism by hellekin
    # [[ `file =(awk '/^-+BEGIN/,0' $1) -bi` =~ application/pgp ]]
    if ! is_valid_key ${tombkey}; then
	_warning "The key seems invalid, the application/pgp header is missing"
        losetup -d ${nstloop}
	die "Operation aborted."
    fi	    

    # the encryption cipher for a tomb can be set at creation using -o
    if option_is_set -o; then 
        cipher="`option_value -o`"
    else
	cipher="aes-cbc-essiv:sha256"
    fi
    _message "locking using cipher: $cipher"

    keyname=`basename $tombkey | cut -d. -f1`
    _message "a password is required to use key ${keyname}"
    local passok=0
    if option_is_set --tomb-pwd; then
            tombpass=`option_value --tomb-pwd`
    else	
	for c in 1 2 3; do
	    if [ $c = 1 ]; then
	        tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass "Insert password to use key: $keyname"`
	    else
	        tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass "Insert password to use key: $keyname (retry $c)"`
	    fi
            if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
		losetup -d ${nstloop}		
                die "User aborted"
            fi
	    
            get_lukskey "${tombpass}" ${tombkey} >/dev/null
 	    if [ $? = 0 ]; then
		passok=1; _message "Password OK."
		break;
	    fi
	done
    fi
    if [ "$passok" = "0" ]; then
	_warning "Password incorrect"
	losetup -d $nstloop	
	die "Operation aborted."
    fi

    _success "Locking ${tombfile} with ${tombkey}"

    _message "formatting Luks mapped device"
    get_lukskey "${tombpass}" ${tombkey} | \
	cryptsetup --key-file -   --batch-mode \
	--cipher ${cipher} --key-size 256 --key-slot 0 \
	luksFormat ${nstloop}
    if ! [ $? = 0 ]; then
	_warning "cryptsetup luksFormat returned an error"
	unset tombpass
	losetup -d $nstloop
	die "Operation aborted."
    fi
    
    
    
    get_lukskey "${tombpass}" ${tombkey} | \
	cryptsetup --key-file - \
	--cipher ${cipher} luksOpen ${nstloop} tomb.tmp    
    if ! [ $? = 0 ]; then
	_warning "cryptsetup luksOpen returned an error"
	unset tombpass
	losetup -d $nstloop
	die "Operation aborted."
    fi

    unset tombpass

    _message "formatting your Tomb with Ext3/Ext4 filesystem"
    ${=MKFS} ${tombname} /dev/mapper/tomb.tmp

    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
	_warning "Tomb format returned an error"
	_warning "your tomb ${tombfile} may be corrupted."
    fi

    sync

    cryptsetup luksClose tomb.tmp
    losetup -d ${nstloop}


    _message "done locking $tombname using Luks dm-crypt ${create_cipher}"
    _success "Your tomb is ready in ${tombdir}/${tombfile} and secured with key ${tombkey}"

}

# backward compatibility
create_tomb() {
    if ! [ $1 ]; then
        _warning "no tomb name specified for creation"
        return 1
    fi
    
    dig_tomb ${=PARAM}
    { test $? = 0 } || { die "Failed to dig tomb, operation aborted." }

    tombfile=`basename $1`
    tombdir=`dirname $1`
    # make sure the file has a .tomb extension
    tombname=${tombfile%%\.*}
    tombfile=${tombname}.tomb
    
    forge_key ${tombfile}.key
    { test $? = 0 } || { die "Failed to forge key, operation aborted." }

    lock_tomb_with_key ${tombfile} -l ${tombfile}.key
    { test $? = 0 } || { die "Failed to lock tomb with key, operation aborted." }
    
    yes "Tomb $tombname succesfully created"
    ls -l ${tombfile}*
}


#internal use
#$1 is the keyfile we are checking
is_valid_key() {
    [[ `file =(awk '/^-+BEGIN/,0' $1) -bi` =~ application/pgp ]]
    return $?
}
#internal use
#$1 is the password, $2 is the keyfile
#will output the lukskey
get_lukskey() {
    local tombpass=$1
    keyfile=$2
    firstline=`head -n1 $keyfile`
    xxx "get_lukskey XXX $keyfile"
    if [[ $firstline =~ '^_KDF_' ]]; then
        _verbose "KDF: `cut -d_ -f 3 <<<$firstline`"
        case `cut -d_ -f 3 <<<$firstline` in
            pbkdf2sha1)
                if [[ -z $KDF_PBKDF2 ]]; then
                    die "The tomb use kdf method 'pbkdf2', which is unsupported on your system"
                fi
                pbkdf2_param=`cut -d_ -f 4- <<<$firstline | tr '_' ' '`
                tombpass=$(${KDF_PBKDF2} ${=pbkdf2_param} 2> /dev/null <<<$tombpass)
                ;;
            *)
                _failure "No suitable program for KDF `cut -f 3 <<<$firstline`"
                unset tombpass
                return 1
                ;;
        esac
    fi
    print ${tombpass} | \
	gpg --batch --passphrase-fd 0 --no-tty --no-options --status-fd 2 \
	-d "${keyfile}" 2> /dev/null 
    ret=$?
    xxx "gpg decryption returns $ret"
    unset tombpass
    return $ret
}

# internal use
# $1 the lukskey to encrypt
# honored options: --kdf  --tomb-pwd
gen_key() {
    local lukskey=$1
    # here user is prompted for key password
    local tombpass=""
    local tombpasstmp=""
    if ! option_is_set --tomb-pwd; then
        while true; do
            # 3 tries to write two times a matching password
            tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass "Secure key for ${tombname}"`
            if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
                die "User aborted"
            fi
            if [ -z $tombpass ]; then
                _warning "you set empty password, which is not possible"
                continue
            fi
            tombpasstmp=$tombpass
            tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass "Secure key for ${tombname} (again)"`
            if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
                die "User aborted"
            fi
            if [ "$tombpasstmp" = "$tombpass" ]; then
                break;
            fi
            unset tombpasstmp
            unset tombpass
        done
    else
        tombpass=`option_value --tomb-pwd`
    fi


    # KDF is a new key strenghtening technique against brute forcing
    # see: https://github.com/dyne/Tomb/issues/82
    _verbose "KDF method chosen is: '`option_value --kdf`'"
    kdf_method=$(cut -d: -f1 <<<`option_value --kdf` )
    case $kdf_method in
        pbkdf2)
            if [[ -z $KDF_PBKDF2 ]]; then
                die "The tomb use kdf method 'pbkdf2', which is unsupported on your system"
            fi
            # --kdf takes one parameter: iter time (on present machine) in seconds
            seconds=$(cut -d: -f2 -s <<<`option_value --kdf`)
            if [[ -z $seconds ]]; then
                seconds=1
            fi
            local -i microseconds
            microseconds=$((seconds*1000000))
            _verbose "Microseconds: $microseconds"
            pbkdf2_salt=`${KDF_PBKDF2}-gensalt`
            pbkdf2_iter=`${KDF_PBKDF2}-getiter $microseconds`
            # We use a length of 64bytes = 512bits (more than needed!?)
            tombpass=`${KDF_PBKDF2} $pbkdf2_salt $pbkdf2_iter 64 <<<"${tombpass}"`
           
            header="_KDF_pbkdf2sha1_${pbkdf2_salt}_${pbkdf2_iter}_64\n"
            ;;
        ""|null)
        
            header=""
            ;;
        *)
            _warning "KDF method non recognized"
            return 1
            header=""
            ;;
    esac
    echo -n $header

    print "${tombpass}" \
	| gpg --openpgp --batch --no-options --no-tty --passphrase-fd 0 2>/dev/null \
        -o - -c -a ${lukskey}

    unset tombpass
}

# }}}
# {{{ - Open

# $1 = tombfile $2(optional) = mountpoint
mount_tomb() {
    _message "Commanded to open tomb $1"

    if ! option_is_set -f && ! option_is_set --ignore-swap; then check_swap; fi

    if ! [ ${1} ]; then
        _warning "no tomb name specified for creation"
        return 1
    fi


    # set up variables to be used
    # the full path is made with $tombdir/$tombfile

    local tombkey
    local tombfile
    local tombdir
    local tombname
    tombfile=`basename ${1}`
    tombdir=`dirname ${1}`
    # check file type (if its a Luks fs)
    file ${tombdir}/${tombfile} | grep -i 'luks encrypted file' 2>&1 >/dev/null
    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
	_warning "$1 is not a valid tomb file, operation aborted"
	return 1
    fi
    tombname=${tombfile%%\.*}
    xxx "tomb found: ${tombdir}/${tombfile}"

    if option_is_set -k ; then
	if [[ "`option_value -k`" == "-" ]]; then
	    # take key from stdin
	    local tombkeydir
	    tombkeydir=`safe_dir`
	    cat > ${tombkeydir}/stdin.tmp
	    tombkey=${tombkeydir}/stdin.tmp
	else
	    # take key from a file
            tombkey=`option_value -k`
	fi
    else
	# guess key as lying besides the tomb
        tombkey=${tombdir}/${tombfile}.key
    fi
    if ! [ -r ${tombkey} ]; then
	_warning "key file not found: ${tombkey}"
	_warning "operation aborted."
	return 1
    fi

    if ! [ $2 ]; then
        tombmount=/media/${tombfile}
        _message "mountpoint not specified, using default: $tombmount"
    elif ! [ -x $2 ]; then
        _warning "mountpoint $2 doesn't exist, operation aborted."
        return 1
    else
	tombmount=$2
    fi

    # check if its already open
    mount -l | grep "${tombfile}.*\[$tombname\]$" 2>&1 > /dev/null
    if [ $? = 0 ]; then
        _warning "$tombname is already open on $tombmount"
	_message "here below its status is reported:"
	list_tombs ${tombname}
	return 1
    fi

    _success "Opening $tombfile on $tombmount"

    # we need root from here on
    mkdir -p $tombmount

    nstloop=`losetup -f`
    if [ $? = 255 ]; then
        die "too many tomb opened. Please close any of them to open another tomb" 
    fi
    losetup -f ${tombdir}/${tombfile}

    cryptsetup isLuks ${nstloop}
    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
        # is it a LUKS encrypted nest? see cryptsetup(1)
        _warning "$tombfile is not a valid Luks encrypted storage file"
        $norm || rmdir $tombmount 2>/dev/null
        return 1
    fi
    say "this tomb is a valid LUKS encrypted device"

    luksdump="`cryptsetup luksDump ${nstloop}`"
    tombdump=(`print $luksdump | awk '
	/^Cipher name/ {print $3}
	/^Cipher mode/ {print $3}
	/^Hash spec/   {print $3}'`)
    say "cipher is \"$tombdump[1]\" mode \"$tombdump[2]\" hash \"$tombdump[3]\""

    slotwarn=`print $luksdump | awk '
	BEGIN { zero=0 }
	/^Key slot 0/ { zero=1 }
	/^Key slot.*ENABLED/ { if(zero==1) print "WARN" }'`
    { test "$slotwarn" = "WARN" } && {
	_warning "Multiple key slots are enabled on this tomb. Beware: there can be a backdoor." }

    # save date of mount in minutes since 1970
    mapdate=`date +%s`
    

    mapper="tomb.${tombname}.${mapdate}.`basename $nstloop`"
    keyname=`basename $tombkey | cut -d. -f1`

    _warning "Password is required for key ${keyname}"
    for c in 1 2 3; do
        if ! option_is_set --tomb-pwd; then
            tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass "Open tomb ${keyname}"`
            if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
                die "User aborted"
            fi
        else
            tombpass=`option_value --tomb-pwd`
        fi
        get_lukskey "${tombpass}" ${tombkey} | \
            cryptsetup --key-file - luksOpen ${nstloop} ${mapper}
        local ret=$?
        unset tombpass
        if [[ $ret != 0 ]]; then
            if [[ $c = 3 ]] || option_is_set --tomb-pwd; then
                die "Wrong password: aborting"
            fi
            continue
        fi

        # if key was from stdin delete temp file and dir
        if [ $tombkeydir ]; then
            ${=WIPE} ${tombkey}
            rmdir $tombkeydir
        fi

        if [ -r /dev/mapper/${mapper} ]; then
            break;  # password was correct
        fi
    done

    if ! [ -r /dev/mapper/${mapper} ]; then
        losetup -d ${nstloop}
        $norm || rmdir ${tombmount} 2>/dev/null
        die "failure mounting the encrypted file"
    fi

    # array: [ cipher, keysize, loopdevice ]
    tombstat=(`cryptsetup status ${mapper} | awk '
    /cipher:/  {print $2}
    /keysize:/ {print $2}
    /device:/  {print $2}'`)
    yes "Success unlocking tomb $tombname"
    xxx "key size is $tombstat[2] for cipher $tombstat[1]"

    _message "checking filesystem via $tombstat[3]"
    fsck -p -C0 /dev/mapper/${mapper}
    xxx "tomb engraved as $tombname"
    tune2fs -L ${tombname} /dev/mapper/${mapper} > /dev/null

    mount -o $MOUNTOPTS /dev/mapper/${mapper} ${tombmount}

    chown ${_uid}:${_gid} ${tombmount}
    chmod 0750 ${tombmount}

    _success "Success opening $tombfile on $fg_bold[white]$tombmount$fg_no_bold[white]"

    # print out when was opened the last time, by whom and where
    { test -r ${tombmount}/.last } && {
	tombtty="`cat ${tombmount}/.tty`"
	tombhost="`cat ${tombmount}/.host`"
	tombuid="`cat ${tombmount}/.uid`"
	tomblast="`cat ${tombmount}/.last`"
	tombuser=`awk -F: '/:'"$tombuid"':/ {print $1}' /etc/passwd`
	say "last visit by $fg_bold[white]$tombuser($tombuid)$fg_no_bold[white] from $fg_bold[white]$tombtty$fg_no_bold[white] on $fg_bold[white]$tombhost$fg_no_bold[white]"
	say "on date $fg_bold[white]`date --date @${tomblast} +%c`$fg_no_bold[white]"
    }
    # write down the UID and TTY that opened the tomb
    rm -f ${tombmount}/.uid
    echo ${_uid} > ${tombmount}/.uid
    rm -f ${tombmount}/.tty
    echo ${_tty} > ${tombmount}/.tty
    # also the hostname
    rm -f ${tombmount}/.host
    echo `hostname` > ${tombmount}/.host
    # and the "last time opened" information
    # in minutes since 1970, this is printed at next open
    rm -f ${tombmount}/.last
    echo "`date +%s`" > ${tombmount}/.last
    # human readable: date --date=@"`cat .last`" +%c


    # process bind-hooks (mount -o bind of directories)
    # and post-hooks (execute on open)
    if ! option_is_set -n ; then
        exec_safe_bind_hooks ${tombmount}
        exec_safe_post_hooks ${tombmount} open
    fi
    return 0
}

# }}}

# {{{ - Internal operations on mounted tombs

# list_tomb_mounts 
# print out an array of mounted tombs (internal use)
# format is semi-colon separated list of attributes
# if 1st arg is supplied, then list only that tomb
# Positions in array:
# 1 = full mapper path
# 2 = mountpoint
# 3 = filesystem type
# 4 = mount options
# 5 = tomb name
list_tomb_mounts() {
    if [ "$1" = "" ]; then
	# list all open tombs
	mount -l \
	    | awk '
BEGIN { main="" }
/^\/dev\/mapper\/tomb/ { 
  if(main==$1) next;
  print $1 ";" $3 ";" $5 ";" $6 ";" $7
  main=$1
}
'
    else
    	# list a specific tomb
	mount -l \
	    | awk -vtomb="[$1]" '
BEGIN { main="" }
/^\/dev\/mapper\/tomb/ {
  if($7!=tomb) next;
  if(main==$1) next;
  print $1 ";" $3 ";" $5 ";" $6 ";" $7
  main=$1
}
'
    fi
}

# list_tomb_binds
# print out an array of mounted bind hooks (internal use)
# format is semi-colon separated list of attributes
# needs an argument: name of tomb whose hooks belong
list_tomb_binds() {
    if [ "$1" = "" ]; then
        _failure "internal error: list_tomb_binds called without argument."; fi
    
    # list bind hooks on util-linux 2.20 (Debian 7)
    mount -l \
	| awk -vtomb="$1" '
BEGIN { main="" }
/^\/dev\/mapper\/tomb/ {
  if($7!=tomb) next;
  if(main=="") { main=$1; next; }
  if(main==$1)
    print $1 ";" $3 ";" $5 ";" $6 ";" $7 
}
'
    
    # list bind hooks on util-linux 2.17 (Debian 6)
    tombmount=`mount -l \
      | awk -vtomb="$1" '
/^\/dev\/mapper\/tomb/ { if($7!=tomb) next; print $3; exit; }'`
    
    mount -l | grep "^$tombmount" \
	| awk -vtomb="$1" '
        /bind/ { print $1 ";" $3 ";" $5 ";" $6 ";" $7 }'
}

# }}}

# {{{ - Close
# {{{   - Slam the door
# Kill all processes using the tomb
slam_tomb() {
    # $1 = tomb mount point
    if [[ -z `fuser -m "$1" 2> /dev/null` ]]; then
        return 0
    fi
    #Note: shells are NOT killed by INT or TERM, but they are killed by HUP
    for s in TERM HUP KILL; do
        xxx "Sending $s to processes inside the tomb:"
        if option_is_set -D; then
            ps -fp `fuser -m /media/a.tomb 2> /dev/null`|
            while read line; do
                xxx $line
            done
        fi
        fuser -s -m "$1" -k -M -$s
        if [[ -z `fuser -m "$1" 2> /dev/null` ]]; then
            return 0
        fi
        if ! option_is_set -f; then
            sleep 3
        fi
    done
    return 1
}
# }}}
# {{{   - Unmount Tomb
umount_tomb() {
    local tombs how_many_tombs
    local pathmap mapper tombname tombmount loopdev
    local ans pidk pname

    if [ "$1" = "all" ]; then
	mounted_tombs=(`list_tomb_mounts`)
    else
	mounted_tombs=(`list_tomb_mounts $1`)
    fi

    { test ${#mounted_tombs} = 0 } && {
	    _warning "There is no open tomb to be closed"
	    return 1 }

    { test ${#mounted_tombs} -gt 1 } && { test "$1" = "" } && {
	    _warning "Too many tombs mounted, please specify one (see tomb list)"
	    _warning "or issue the command 'tomb close all' to close them all."
	    return 1 }

    say "Tomb close $1"

    for t in ${mounted_tombs}; do
	mapper=`basename ${t[(ws:;:)1]}`
	tombname=${t[(ws:;:)5]}
	tombmount=${t[(ws:;:)2]}
	tombfs=${t[(ws:;:)3]}
	tombfsopts=${t[(ws:;:)4]}
	tombloop=${mapper[(ws:.:)4]}

	xxx "name: $tombname"
	xxx "mount: $tombmount"
	xxx "mapper: $mapper"
	
	{ test -e "$mapper" } && {
	    _warning "Tomb not found: $1"
	    _warning "Please specify an existing tomb."
	    return 0 }
	
	if [ $SLAM ]; then
	    _success "Slamming tomb $tombname mounted on $tombmount"
	    _message "Kill all processes busy inside the tomb"
            if ! slam_tomb "$tombmount"; then
		_warning "Cannot slam the tomb $tombname"
		return 1
            fi
	else
	    say "Closing tomb $tombname mounted on $tombmount"
	fi

    # check if there are binded dirs and close them
	bind_tombs=(`list_tomb_binds $tombname`)
	for b in ${bind_tombs}; do
	    bind_mapper="${b[(ws:;:)1]}"
	    bind_mount="${b[(ws:;:)2]}"
	    _message "closing tomb bind hook: $bind_mount"
	    umount $bind_mount
	    if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
		if [ $SLAM ]; then
		    _success "Slamming tomb: killing all processes using this hook"
                    slam_tomb "$bind_mount"
                    if [[ $? == 1 ]]; then
			_warning "Cannot slam the bind hook $bind_mount"
			return 1
                    fi
		    umount $bind_mount
		else
		    _warning "Tomb bind hook $bind_mount is busy, cannot close tomb."
		fi
	    fi
	done
	
    # Execute post-hooks for eventual cleanup
	if ! option_is_set -n ; then
	    exec_safe_post_hooks ${tombmount%%/} close
	fi

	xxx "performing umount of $tombmount"
	umount ${tombmount}
	if ! [ $? = 0 ]; then _warning "Tomb is busy, cannot umount!"
	else
        # this means we used a "default" mount point
            { test "${tombmount}" = "/media/${tombname}.tomb" } && {
	        rmdir ${tombmount} }
	fi

	cryptsetup luksClose $mapper
	{ test $? = 0 } || {
	    _warning "error occurred in cryptsetup luksClose ${mapper}"
	    return 1 }
	
	losetup -d "/dev/$tombloop"
	
    # # kill the status tray widget if still present
    # # this makes the widget disappear when closing tomb from cli
    # 	awkmapper=`sed 's:\/:\\\/:g' <<< $mapper`
    # 	statustray_pid=`ps ax | awk "/tomb-status $awkmapper/"' {print $1} '`
    # 	{ test "$statustray_pid" = "" } || { kill ${statustray_pid} }
	
	_success "Tomb $tombname closed: your bones will rest in peace."
	
    done # loop across mounted tombs
    
    return 0
}
# }}}

# {{{ - Change Password
# $1 is the tomb key path

# change tomb key password
change_passwd() {
    _message "Commanded to change password for tomb key $1"
    if ! option_is_set -f && ! option_is_set --ignore-swap; then check_swap; fi

    local keyfile="$1"

    # check the keyfile
    if ! [ -r $keyfile ]; then
        _warning "key not found: $keyfile"
        return 1
    fi

    if ! is_valid_key $keyfile ; then
        _warning "file doesn't seems to be a tomb key: $keyfile"
        _warning "operation aborted."
        return 1
    fi

    local tmpnewkey lukskey c tombpass tombpasstmp

    tmpnewkey=`safe_filename tombnew`
    lukskey=`safe_filename tombluks`

    _success "Changing password for $keyfile"
    keyname=`basename $keyfile`
    if ! option_is_set --tomb-old-pwd; then
        while true; do
            tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass "Type old password for ${keyname}" "Change tomb key password"`
            if [[ $? == 1 ]]; then
                die "User aborted"
            fi
            if get_lukskey "${tombpass}" ${keyfile} > ${lukskey}; then
                break
            fi
        done
    else
        tombpass=`option_value --tomb-old-pwd`
        if ! get_lukskey "${tombpass}" ${keyfile} > ${lukskey}; then
            die "Invalid old password"
        fi
    fi

    {
        gen_key $lukskey > ${tmpnewkey}

        if ! is_valid_key $tmpnewkey; then
            die "Error: the newly generated keyfile does not seem valid"
        else
            # copy the new key as the original keyfile name
            cp "${tmpnewkey}" "${keyfile}"
            _success "Your passphrase was successfully updated."
        fi
    } always {
        _verbose "cleanup: $tmpnewkey $lukskey"
        # wipe all temp file
        ${=WIPE} "${tmpnewkey}"
        ${=WIPE} "${lukskey}"
    }

    return $?
}

# }}}
# {{{ - Resize
# resize tomb file size
# $1 is tomb path
resize_tomb() {
    _message "Commanded to resize tomb $1 to $opts[-s] megabytes"
    if ! [ $1 ]; then
        _failure "No tomb name specified for resizing"
    elif ! [ -r "$1" ]; then
        _failure "Cannot find $1"
    fi

    local c tombpass tombkey
    local tombfile=`basename $1`
    local tombdir=`dirname $1`
    # make sure the file has a .tomb extension
    local tombname=${tombfile%%\.*}
    tombfile=${tombname}.tomb

    if option_is_set -k ; then
	    if [[ "`option_value -k`" == "-" ]]; then
	        # take key from stdin
	        local tombkeydir
	        tombkeydir=`safe_dir`
	        cat > ${tombkeydir}/stdin.tmp
	        tombkey=${tombkeydir}/stdin.tmp
	    else
	        # take key from a file
            tombkey=`option_value -k`
	    fi
    else
	    # guess key as lying besides the tomb
        tombkey=${tombdir}/${tombfile}.key
    fi
    
    if ! [ -r ${tombkey} ]; then
	    _failure "key file not found: ${tombkey}"
    fi

    local tmp_resize=`safe_filename tmbrsz`
    local newtombsize=$opts[-s]
    local oldtombsize=`stat -c %s "$1" 2>/dev/null`
    local mounted_tomb=`mount -l |
        awk -vtomb="[$tombname]" '/^\/dev\/mapper\/tomb/ { if($7==tomb) print $1 }'`

    if [ "$mounted_tomb" ]; then
        _failure "the tomb $tombname is open, to resize it it needs to be close."
    fi

    # MB to bytes conversion
    newtombsize=`expr \( $newtombsize \* 1024 \) \* 1024 2> /dev/null`
    
    if ! [ "$newtombsize" ] ; then
        _failure "You must specify the new size of $tombname"
    elif [[ $newtombsize != <-> ]]; then
        _failure "Size is not an integer"
    elif [ "$newtombsize" -le "$oldtombsize" ]; then
        _failure "the new size must be greater then old tomb size."
    fi

    local delta=`expr $newtombsize \- $oldtombsize`
    
    local tombsize_4k=`expr $delta \/ 1024`
    tombsize_4k=`expr $tombsize_4k \/ 4 `
    
    act "Generating ${tombfile} of ${newtombsize}Mb (${tombsize_4k} blocks of 4Kb)"
    "$DD" if=/dev/urandom bs=4k count=${tombsize_4k} of="${tmp_resize}"

    if [ $? = 0 -a -e "${tmp_resize}" ]; then
	xxx "OK: `ls -lh ${tmp_resize}`"
    else
	_failure "Error creating the extra resize $tmp_resize, operation aborted."
    fi
    
    cat "${tmp_resize}" >> "$1"
    ${=WIPE} "${tmp_resize}"
    
    local nstloop=`losetup -f`
    if [ $? = 255 ]; then
        _failure "too many tomb opened. Please close any of them to open another tomb"
    fi
    losetup -f "$1"
    
    local mapdate=`date +%s`
    local mapper="tomb.${tombname}.${mapdate}.`basename $nstloop`"
    
    _message "Password is required for key ${keyname}"
    for c in 1 2 3; do
	if [ $c = 1 ]; then
	    tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass ${keyname}`
	else
	    tombpass=`exec_as_user ${TOMBEXEC} askpass "$keyname (retry $c)"`
	fi
        get_lukskey "${tombpass}" ${tombkey} | \
            cryptsetup --key-file - luksOpen ${nstloop} ${mapper}
	
        unset tombpass
	
	if [ -r /dev/mapper/${mapper} ]; then
	    break;  # password was correct
        fi
    done

    if ! [ -r /dev/mapper/${mapper} ]; then
        losetup -d ${nstloop}
        _failure "failure mounting the encrypted file"
    fi

    cryptsetup resize "${mapper}"
    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
        losetup -d ${nstloop}
        _failure "cryptsetup failed to resize $mapper"
    fi

    e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/${mapper}
    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
        losetup -d ${nstloop}
        _failure "e2fsck failed to check $mapper"
    fi

    resize2fs /dev/mapper/${mapper}
    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
        losetup -d ${nstloop}
        _failure "resize2fs failed to resize $mapper"
    fi

    sleep 1 # needs to settle a bit

    # close and free the loop device
    cryptsetup luksClose "${mapper}"
    losetup -d ${nstloop}

    return 0
}

# }}}


# {{{ - Index
# index files in all tombs for search
# $1 is optional, to specify a tomb
index_tombs() {
    { command -v updatedb > /dev/null } || { 
	die "Cannot index tombs on this system: updatedb not installed" }

    mounted_tombs=(`list_tomb_mounts $1`)
    { test ${#mounted_tombs} = 0 } && {
	if [ $1 ]; then die "There seems to be no open tomb engraved as [$1]"
	else die "I can't see any open tomb, may they all rest in peace."
	fi
    }

    yes "Creating and updating search indexes"
    for t in ${mounted_tombs}; do
	mapper=`basename ${t[(ws:;:)1]}`
	tombname=${t[(ws:;:)5]}
	tombmount=${t[(ws:;:)2]}
	{ test -r ${tombmount}/.noindex } && {
	    say "skipping $tombname (.noindex found)"
	    continue }
	say "sndexing $tombname"
	updatedb -l 0 -o ${tombmount}/.updatedb -U ${tombmount}
	say "search index updated"
    done
}
search_tombs() {
    { command -v locate > /dev/null } || { 
	die "Cannot index tombs on this system: updatedb not installed" }

    # list all open tombs
    mounted_tombs=(`list_tomb_mounts $1`)
    { test ${#mounted_tombs} = 0 } && {
	die "I can't see any open tomb, may they all rest in peace." }
    yes "Searching for: $fg_bold[white]${=PARAM}$fg_no_bold[white]"
    for t in ${mounted_tombs}; do
	xxx "checking for index: ${t}"
	mapper=`basename ${t[(ws:;:)1]}`
	tombname=${t[(ws:;:)5]}
	tombmount=${t[(ws:;:)2]}
	if [ -r ${tombmount}/.updatedb ]; then
	    say "Searching in tomb $tombname"
	    locate -d ${tombmount}/.updatedb -e -i ${=PARAM}
	    say "Matches found: `locate -d ${tombmount}/.updatedb -e -i -c ${=PARAM}`"
	else
	    no "skipping tomb $tombname: not indexed"
	    no "run 'tomb index' to create indexes"
	fi
    done
	
}

# {{{ - List
# list all tombs mounted in a readable format
# $1 is optional, to specify a tomb
list_tombs() {

    # list all open tombs
    mounted_tombs=(`list_tomb_mounts $1`)
    { test ${#mounted_tombs} = 0 } && {
	die "I can't see any ${1:-open} tomb, may they all rest in peace." }

    for t in ${mounted_tombs}; do
	mapper=`basename ${t[(ws:;:)1]}`
	tombname=${t[(ws:;:)5]}
	tombmount=${t[(ws:;:)2]}
	tombfs=${t[(ws:;:)3]}
	tombfsopts=${t[(ws:;:)4]}
	tombloop=${mapper[(ws:.:)4]}

	# calculate tomb size
	ts=`df -hP /dev/mapper/$mapper |
    awk "/mapper/"' { print $2 ";" $3 ";" $4 ";" $5 }'`
	tombtot=${ts[(ws:;:)1]}
	tombused=${ts[(ws:;:)2]}
	tombavail=${ts[(ws:;:)3]}
	tombpercent=${ts[(ws:;:)4]}
	tombp=${tombpercent%%%}
	tombsince=`date --date=@${mapper[(ws:.:)3]} +%c`

	# find out who opens it from where
	{ test -r ${tombmount}/.tty } && {
	    tombtty="`cat ${tombmount}/.tty`"
	    tombhost="`cat ${tombmount}/.host`"
	    tombuid="`cat ${tombmount}/.uid`"
	    tombuser=`awk -F: '/:'"$tombuid"':/ {print $1}' /etc/passwd`
	}

    if option_is_set --get-mountpoint; then
        echo $tombmount
        continue
    fi
	# breaking up such strings is good for translation
	print -n "$fg[green]$tombname"
	print -n "$fg[white] open on "
	print -n "$fg_bold[white]$tombmount"
	print -n "$fg_no_bold[white] using "
	print "$fg_bold[white]$tombfs $tombfsopts"

	print -n "$fg_no_bold[green]$tombname"
	print -n "$fg_no_bold[white] open since "
	print "$fg_bold[white]$tombsince$fg_no_bold[white]"

	{ test "$tombtty" = "" } || {
	    print -n "$fg_no_bold[green]$tombname"
	    print -n "$fg_no_bold[white] open by "
	    print -n "$fg_bold[white]$tombuser"
	    print -n "$fg_no_bold[white] from "
	    print -n "$fg_bold[white]$tombtty"
	    print -n "$fg_no_bold[white] on "
	    print "$fg_bold[white]$tombhost"
	}

	print -n "$fg_no_bold[green]$tombname"
	print -n "$fg[white] size "
	print -n "$fg_bold[white]$tombtot"
	print -n "$fg_no_bold[white] of which "
	print -n "$fg_bold[white]$tombused"
	print -n "$fg_no_bold[white] used: "
	print -n "$fg_bold[white]$tombavail"
	print -n "$fg_no_bold[white] free ("
	print -n "$fg_bold[white]$tombpercent"
	print "$fg_no_bold[white] full)"

	if [[ ${tombp} -ge 90 ]]; then
	    print -n "$fg_no_bold[green]$tombname"
            print "$fg_bold[red] Your tomb is almost full!"
	fi

	# now check hooks
	mounted_hooks=(`list_tomb_binds $tombname`)
	for h in ${mounted_hooks}; do
	    print -n "$fg_no_bold[green]$tombname"
	    print -n "$fg_no_bold[white] hooks "
#	    print -n "$fg_bold[white]`basename ${h[(ws:;:)1]}`"
#	    print -n "$fg_no_bold[white] on "
	    print "$fg_bold[white]${h[(ws:;:)2]}$fg_no_bold[white]"
	done
    done
}
# }}}
# {{{ - Status
launch_status() {
    # calculates the correct arguments to launch tomb-status tray
    # applet; it takes the tomb name as an argument and can be
    # launched after a successful tomb mount.

    which tomb-status > /dev/null
    if [ $? != 0 ]; then
	die "Cannot find tomb-status binary, operation aborted."
	return 1
    fi

    if ! [ $DISPLAY ]; then
	_warning "No active X display found, operation aborted."
	_warning "Status launches a graphical tray applet, you need X running."
	return 1
    fi

    # check argument. use single tomb mounted if no argument
    # abort if more than one tomb is mounted.
    if ! [ $1 ]; then
	tombs=`find /dev/mapper -name 'tomb.*'`
	how_many_tombs=`wc -w <<< "$tombs"`
	if [[ "$how_many_tombs" == "0" ]]; then
	    _warning "There is no open tomb, status cannot be launched"
	    return 1
	elif [[ "$how_many_tombs" == "1" ]]; then
	    #mapper=`find /dev/mapper -name 'tomb.*'`
	    tombname=`find /dev/mapper -name "tomb.*"`
	    tombname=`basename $tombname | cut -d. -f2`
	    _success "launching status for tomb $tombname"
	else
	    _warning "Too many tombs mounted, please specify which one"
	    list_tombs
	    return 0
	fi
    else
	# name was specified on command line
	tombname=$1
	ls /dev/mapper | grep "^tomb.${tombname}.*" > /dev/null
	if [ $? != 0 ]; then
	    _warning "Cannot find any tomb named $tombname being open, operation aborted."
	    return 1
	fi
    fi

    # finally we launch
    tombmap=`mount -l | awk "/\[${tombname}\]$/"' { print $1 } '`
    tombmount=`mount -l | awk "/\[${tombname}\]$/"' { print $3 } '`
    tomb-status $tombmap $tombname $tombmount &!
    return 0
}
# }}}

# {{{ MAIN COMMAND

main() {
    local -A subcommands_opts
    ### Options configuration

    # Hi, dear developer! Are you trying to add a new subcommand, or
    # to add some options?  Well, keep in mind that an option CAN'T
    # have differente meanings/behaviour in different subcommands.

    # For example, "-s" means "size" and accept an argument. If you are tempted to add
    # an option "-s" (that means, for example "silent", and doesn't accept an argument)
    #           DON'T DO IT!

    #  There are two reasons for that:
    #       I. usability; user expect that "-s" is "size"
    #    II. Option parsing WILL EXPLODE if you do this kind of bad things
    #            (it will say "option defined more than once, and he's right")
    #
    #    If you want to use the same option in multiple commands then
    #    you can only use the non-abbreviated long-option version like:
    #    -force and NOT -f
	main_opts=(q -quiet=q D -debug=D h -help=h v -version=v U: -uid=U G: -gid=G T: -tty=T -no-color -unsecure-dev-mode)
    subcommands_opts[__default]=""
    subcommands_opts[open]="f n -nohook=n k: -key=k o: -mount-options=o -ignore-swap -sudo-pwd: -tomb-pwd:"
    subcommands_opts[mount]=${subcommands_opts[open]}

    subcommands_opts[create]="f s: -size=s -force k: -key=k -ignore-swap -kdf: -sudo-pwd: -tomb-pwd:  -use-urandom"

    subcommands_opts[forge]="f -ignore-swap -kdf: -use-urandom"
    subcommands_opts[dig]="f -ignore-swap s: -size=s"
    subcommands_opts[lock]="f -force -ignore-swap s: -size=s k: -key=k -sudo-pwd: -tomb-pwd:"

    subcommands_opts[passwd]="f -ignore-swap -kdf: -tomb-old-pwd: -tomb-pwd: "
    subcommands_opts[close]="-sudo-pwd:"
    subcommands_opts[help]=""
    subcommands_opts[slam]=""
    subcommands_opts[list]="-get-mountpoint"

    subcommands_opts[index]=""
    subcommands_opts[search]=""

    subcommands_opts[help]=""
    subcommands_opts[bury]=""
    subcommands_opts[exhume]=""
    subcommands_opts[decompose]=""
    subcommands_opts[recompose]=""
    subcommands_opts[install]=""
    subcommands_opts[askpass]=""
    subcommands_opts[mktemp]=""
    subcommands_opts[source]=""
    subcommands_opts[status]=""
    subcommands_opts[resize]="s: -size=s k: -key=k"
    subcommands_opts[check]="-ignore-swap"
#    subcommands_opts[translate]=""
    
    ### Detect subcommand
    local -aU every_opts #every_opts behave like a set; that is, an array with unique elements
    for optspec in $subcommands_opts$main_opts; do
        for opt in ${=optspec}; do
            every_opts+=${opt}
        done
    done
    local -a oldstar
    oldstar=($argv)
	#### detect early: useful for --optiion-parsing
    zparseopts -M -D -Adiscardme ${every_opts}
	if [[ -n ${(k)discardme[--option-parsing]} ]]; then
		echo $1
		if [[ -n "$1" ]]; then
			return 1
		fi
		return 0
	fi
	unset discardme
    if ! zparseopts -M -E -D -Adiscardme ${every_opts}; then
		error "error parsing"
		return 127
	fi
    unset discardme
    subcommand=$1
    if [[ -z $subcommand ]]; then
        subcommand="__default"
    fi

    if [[ -z ${(k)subcommands_opts[$subcommand]} ]]; then
        _warning "There's no such command \"$subcommand\"."
        _failure "Please try -h for help" 127
#        die "Subcommand '$subcommand' doesn't exist" 127
    fi
    argv=(${oldstar})
    unset oldstar

    ### Parsing global + command-specific options
    # zsh magic: ${=string} will split to multiple arguments when spaces occur
    set -A cmd_opts ${main_opts} ${=subcommands_opts[$subcommand]}
    # if there is no option, we don't need parsing
    if [[ -n $cmd_opts ]]; then 
	zparseopts -M -E -D -Aopts ${cmd_opts}
	if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
	    _warning "Some error occurred during option processing."
	    die "See \"tomb help\" for more info" 127
	fi
    fi
    #build PARAM (array of arguments) and check if there are unrecognized options
    ok=0
    PARAM=()
    for arg in $*; do
	if [[ $arg == '--' || $arg == '-' ]]; then
	    ok=1
	    continue #it shouldnt be appended to PARAM
	elif [[ $arg[1] == '-'  ]]; then
	    if [[ $ok == 0 ]]; then
		die "unrecognized option $arg for subcommand $subcommand" 127
	    fi
	fi
	PARAM+=$arg
    done
    #first parameter actually is the subcommand: delete it and shift
    if [[ $subcommand != '__default' ]]; then
	PARAM[1]=()
	shift
    fi
    ### End parsing command-specific options
    if ! option_is_set --no-color; then
        autoload colors; colors
    fi
    if ! option_is_set --unsecure-dev-mode; then
        for opt in --sudo-pwd --tomb-pwd --use-urandom --tomb-old-pwd; do
            if option_is_set $opt; then
                die "You specified option $opt, which is DANGEROUS and should only be used for testing\nIf you really want so, add --unsecure-dev-mode" 127
            fi
        done
    fi

    # when we run as root, we remember the original uid:gid
    # to set permissions for the calling user and drop privileges 
    if option_is_set -U; then _uid="`option_value -U`"; fi
    if option_is_set -G; then _gid="`option_value -G`"; fi
    if option_is_set -T; then _tty="`option_value -T`"; fi

    xxx "Tomb command: $subcommand ${PARAM}"
    xxx "caller uid[$_uid] gid[$_gid] tty[$_tty]"

    case "$subcommand" in

	# new creation in three steps
	forge)
	    check_priv
	    forge_key ${=PARAM}
	    ;;
	dig)
	    dig_tomb ${=PARAM}
	    ;;
	lock)
	    check_priv
	    lock_tomb_with_key ${=PARAM}
	    ;;
	# backward compat
	create)
	    check_priv
	    create_tomb ${=PARAM}
	    ;;

	mount|open)
	    check_priv
	    mount_tomb $PARAM[1] $PARAM[2]
	    ;;
	umount|close|slam)
	    check_priv
	    [ "$subcommand" =  "slam" ] && SLAM=1
	    umount_tomb $PARAM[1]
	    ;;
	passwd)
	    change_passwd $PARAM[1]
	    ;;
	list)
	    list_tombs $PARAM[1]
	    ;;
	status)
	    launch_status $PARAM[1]
	    ;;

	index)
	    index_tombs $PARAM[1]
	    ;;
	search)
	    search_tombs ${=PARAM}
	    ;;

	help)
	    usage
	    ;;
	bury)
	    if [ "$STEGHIDE" = 0 ]; then
		_warning "steghide not installed. Cannot bury your key"
		return 1
	    fi
		 encode_key $PARAM[1] $PARAM[2] ;;	
	exhume)
	    if [ "$STEGHIDE" = 0 ]; then
 		_warning "steghide not installed. Cannot exhume your key"
		return 1
	    fi
	    decode_key $PARAM[1] $PARAM[2]
	    ;;
	resize)
	    if [ "$RESIZER" = 0 ]; then
		_warning "resize2fs not installed. Cannot resize your tomb."
		return 1
	    fi
            check_priv
            resize_tomb $PARAM[1]
            ;;

	# internal commands useful to developers
	'source')   return 0 ;;
	install)    check_priv ; install_tomb ;;
	askpass)    ask_password $PARAM[1] $PARAM[2] ;;
	mktemp)     safe_dir $PARAM[1] ;;
	translate)  generate_translatable_strings ;;
      check) check_command $PARAM[1] ;;
	__default)
	    cat <<EOF
Tomb $VERSION - a strong and gentle undertaker for your secrets

 Copyright (C) 2007-2013 Dyne.org Foundation, License GNU GPL v3+
 This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it
 The latest Tomb sourcecode is published on <http://tomb.dyne.org>
EOF
	    option_is_set -v && {
		cat <<EOF

GnuPG available ciphers:
`list_gnupg_ciphers`
EOF
		return 0
	    }
	    usage
	    ;;
	*)
	    _warning "command \"$subcommand\" not recognized"
	    _message "try -h for help"
	    return 1
	    ;;
    esac
    return $?
}

# }}}
# {{{ RUNTIME
check_bin


main $@
ret=$?
if [[ $ret != 0 ]]; then #this "if" seems useless, but avoid source tomb source from exiting
    exit $ret
fi
# }}}

# -*- tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*-
# vim: set shiftwidth=4 expandtab: