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README.md docs(i18n): new Crowdin updates (#5992) 2024-07-26 13:33:53 -04:00

Cấu hình nâng cao

Trong khi Starship là một shell linh hoạt, đôi khi bạn vẫn cần làm nhiều hơn là chỉnh sửa starship.toml để có thể là được những việc nhất định. Tài liệu này sẽ mô tả chi tiết các tùy chỉnh nâng cao trong starship.

::: cảnh báo

Các tùy chỉnh được mô tả trong phần này có thể sẽ thay đổi trong các phiên bản tương lai của Starship.

:::

TransientPrompt in PowerShell

It is possible to replace the previous-printed prompt with a custom string. This is useful in cases where all the prompt information is not always needed. To enable this, run Enable-TransientPrompt in the shell session. To make it permanent, put this statement in your $PROFILE. Transience can be disabled on-the-fly with Disable-TransientPrompt.

By default, the left side of input gets replaced with >. To customize this, define a new function called Invoke-Starship-TransientFunction. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do

function Invoke-Starship-TransientFunction {
  &starship module character
}

Invoke-Expression (&starship init powershell)

Enable-TransientPrompt

TransientPrompt and TransientRightPrompt in Cmd

Clink allows you to replace the previous-printed prompt with custom strings. This is useful in cases where all the prompt information is not always needed. To enable this, run clink set prompt.transient <value> where <value> can be one of:

  • always: always replace the previous prompt
  • same_dir: replace the previous prompt only if the working directory is same
  • off: do not replace the prompt (i.e. turn off transience)

You need to do this only once. Make the following changes to your starship.lua to customize what gets displayed on the left and on the right:

  • By default, the left side of input gets replaced with >. To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_prompt_func. This function receives the current prompt as a string that you can utilize. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do
function starship_transient_prompt_func(prompt)
  return io.popen("starship module character"
    .." --keymap="..rl.getvariable('keymap')
  ):read("*a")
end
load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()
  • By default, the right side of input is empty. To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_rprompt_func. This function receives the current prompt as a string that you can utilize. For example, to display the time at which the last command was started here, you would do
function starship_transient_rprompt_func(prompt)
  return io.popen("starship module time"):read("*a")
end
load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()

TransientPrompt and TransientRightPrompt in Fish

It is possible to replace the previous-printed prompt with a custom string. This is useful in cases where all the prompt information is not always needed. To enable this, run enable_transience in the shell session. To make it permanent, put this statement in your ~/.config/fish/config.fish. Transience can be disabled on-the-fly with disable_transience.

Note that in case of Fish, the transient prompt is only printed if the commandline is non-empty, and syntactically correct.

  • By default, the left side of input gets replaced with a bold-green . To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_prompt_func. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do
function starship_transient_prompt_func
  starship module character
end
starship init fish | source
enable_transience
  • By default, the right side of input is empty. To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_rprompt_func. For example, to display the time at which the last command was started here, you would do
function starship_transient_rprompt_func
  starship module time
end
starship init fish | source
enable_transience

TransientPrompt and TransientRightPrompt in Bash

The Ble.sh framework at v0.4 or higher allows you to replace the previous-printed prompt with custom strings. This is useful in cases where all the prompt information is not always needed. To enable this, put this in ~/.bashrc bleopt prompt_ps1_transient=<value>:

The <value> here is a colon-separated list of always, same-dir and trim. When prompt_ps1_final is empty and the option prompt_ps1_transient has a non-empty <value>, the prompt specified by PS1 is erased on leaving the current command line. If <value> contains a field trim, only the last line of multiline PS1 is preserved and the other lines are erased. Otherwise, the command line will be redrawn as if PS1= is specified. When a field same-dir is contained in <value> and the current working directory is different from the final directory of the previous command line, this option prompt_ps1_transient is ignored.

Make the following changes to your ~/.blerc (or in ~/.config/blesh/init.sh) to customize what gets displayed on the left and on the right:

  • To customize what the left side of input gets replaced with, configure the prompt_ps1_final Ble.sh option. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do
bleopt prompt_ps1_final='$(starship module character)'
  • To customize what the right side of input gets replaced with, configure the prompt_rps1_final Ble.sh option. For example, to display the time at which the last command was started here, you would do
bleopt prompt_rps1_final='$(starship module time)'

Custom pre-prompt and pre-execution Commands in Cmd

Clink provides extremely flexible APIs to run pre-prompt and pre-exec commands in Cmd shell. It is fairly simple to use with Starship. Make the following changes to your starship.lua file as per your requirements:

  • To run a custom function right before the prompt is drawn, define a new function called starship_preprompt_user_func. This function receives the current prompt as a string that you can utilize. For example, to draw a rocket before the prompt, you would do
function starship_preprompt_user_func(prompt)
  print("🚀")
end

load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()
  • To run a custom function right before a command is executed, define a new function called starship_precmd_user_func. This function receives the current commandline as a string that you can utilize. For example, to print the command that's about to be executed, you would do
function starship_precmd_user_func(line)
  print("Executing: "..line)
end

load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()

Tùy chỉnh các hàm được thực thi trước prompt và các lệnh Linux mặc định của bash shell

Bash không có một preexec/precmd framework chính thống giống như các shells khác. Do đó rất khó để cung cấp các hook với khả năng tuỳ biến hoàn toàn cho bash shell. Tuy nhiên, Starship cho phép bạn viết các hàm riêng của bạn để tùy biến việc render prompt:

  • Để thực thi một hàm custom trước khi prompt được render, ta cần định nghĩa một hàm mới và gán starship_precmd_user_func cho tên của hàm này. Ví dụ, để vẽ một tên lửa trước prompt
function blastoff(){
    echo "🚀"
}
starship_precmd_user_func="blastoff"
  • Để thực thi một hàm custom trước khi một câu lệnh Linux chạy, ta có thể sử dụng cơ chế bẫy tín hiệu DEBUG. Tuy nhiên, bạn phải đặt bẫy tín hiệu DEBUG trước khởi tạo Starship! Starship có thể giữ giá trị của DEBUG trap, nhưng nếu trap bị ghi đè sau khi starship khởi động, một vài chức năng sẽ không hoạt động.
function blastoff(){
    echo "🚀"
}
trap blastoff DEBUG     # Trap DEBUG *before* running starship
set -o functrace
eval $(starship init bash)
set +o functrace

Custom pre-prompt and pre-execution Commands in PowerShell

PowerShell does not have a formal preexec/precmd framework like most other shells. Because of this, it is difficult to provide fully customizable hooks in powershell. Tuy nhiên, Starship cho phép bạn viết các hàm riêng của bạn để tùy biến việc render prompt:

Create a function named Invoke-Starship-PreCommand

function Invoke-Starship-PreCommand {
    $host.ui.Write("🚀")
}

Thay đổi tên gọi trên cửa sổ của chương trình terminal

Một vài shell có khả năng tự động thay đổi tên hiển thị (chẳng hạn như tên của thư mục hiện thời) trên cửa số của trình mô phỏng terminal. Fish shell mặc định thực hiện thay đổi này. Starship does not do this, but it's fairly straightforward to add this functionality to bash, zsh, cmd or powershell.

Đầu tiên, ta cần định nghĩa một hàm thay đổi tiêu đề cửa sổ (dùng chung cho cả bash và zsh):

function set_win_title(){
    echo -ne "\033]0; YOUR_WINDOW_TITLE_HERE \007"
}

Ta có thể sử dụng biến số để tuỳ chỉnh tên hiển thị này ($USER, $HOSTNAME, và $PWD là những biến số thường được dùng).

Với bash shell, set precmd của starship bằng tên của hàm này:

starship_precmd_user_func="set_win_title"

Với zsh shell, thêm hàm này vào mảng precmd_functions:

precmd_functions+=(set_win_title)

Nếu ta hài lòng với các tùy biến đã được thiết lập, thêm những dòng sau vào cấu hình shell (~/.bashrc hoặc ~/.zshrc) để thực thi chúng mỗi khi ta khởi tạo một shell mới.

Ví dụ, nếu ta muốn hiển thị đường dẫn thư mục hiện tại trong tiêu đề của một terminal tab, thêm đoạn code sau vào ~/.bashrc hoặc ~/.zshrc:

function set_win_title(){
    echo -ne "\033]0; $(basename "$PWD") \007"
}
starship_precmd_user_func="set_win_title"

For Cmd, you can change the window title using the starship_preprompt_user_func function.

function starship_preprompt_user_func(prompt)
  console.settitle(os.getenv('USERNAME').."@"..os.getenv('COMPUTERNAME')..": "..os.getcwd())
end

load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()

You can also set a similar output with PowerShell by creating a function named Invoke-Starship-PreCommand.

# edit $PROFILE
function Invoke-Starship-PreCommand {
  $host.ui.RawUI.WindowTitle = "$env:USERNAME@$env:COMPUTERNAME`: $pwd `a"
}

Invoke-Expression (&starship init powershell)

Enable Right Prompt

Some shells support a right prompt which renders on the same line as the input. Starship can set the content of the right prompt using the right_format option. Any module that can be used in format is also supported in right_format. The $all variable will only contain modules not explicitly used in either format or right_format.

Note: The right prompt is a single line following the input location. To right align modules above the input line in a multi-line prompt, see the fill module.

right_format is currently supported for the following shells: elvish, fish, zsh, xonsh, cmd, nushell, bash.

Note: The Ble.sh framework v0.4 or higher should be installed in order to use right prompt in bash.

Ví dụ

# ~/.config/starship.toml

# A minimal left prompt
format = """$character"""

# move the rest of the prompt to the right
right_format = """$all"""

Produces a prompt like the following:

▶                                   starship on  rprompt [!] is 📦 v0.57.0 via 🦀 v1.54.0 took 17s

Continuation Prompt

Some shells support a continuation prompt along with the normal prompt. This prompt is rendered instead of the normal prompt when the user has entered an incomplete statement (such as a single left parenthesis or quote).

Starship can set the continuation prompt using the continuation_prompt option. The default prompt is '[∙](bright-black) '.

Note: continuation_prompt should be set to a literal string without any variables.

Note: Continuation prompts are only available in the following shells:

  • bash
  • zsh
  • PowerShell

Ví dụ

# ~/.config/starship.toml

# A continuation prompt that displays two filled-in arrows
continuation_prompt = '▶▶ '

Các chuỗi kiểu

Chuỗi kiểu là một danh sách các từ, được phân cách bởi khoảng trắng. Các từ là không phân biệt hoa thường (ví dụ. boldBold là hai chuỗi tương đương). Mỗi từ có thể là một trong các từ sau:

  • bold
  • nghiêng
  • gạch dưới
  • làm tối đi
  • đảo ngược
  • blink
  • hidden
  • strikethrough
  • bg:<color>
  • fg:<color>
  • <color>
  • none

<color> là một nơi quy định màu (được bàn luận ở phía dưới). fg:<color> and <color> currently do the same thing, though this may change in the future. <color> can also be set to prev_fg or prev_bg which evaluates to the previous item's foreground or background color respectively if available or none otherwise. inverted swaps the background and foreground colors. Thứ tự các từ trong chuỗi là không quan trọng.

Từ mã none ghi đè tất cả các từ mã khác trong chuỗi nếu nó không là một phần của bg: specifier, vậy nên fg:red none fg:blue sẽ vẫn tạo một chuỗi mà không có kiểu. bg:none sets the background to the default color so fg:red bg:none is equivalent to red or fg:red and bg:green fg:red bg:none is also equivalent to fg:red or red. Nó có thể trở thành một lỗi để sử dụng none trong việc kết hợp với các từ mã khác trong tương lai.

Một quy định màu có thể là một trong các thứ sau:

  • One of the standard terminal colors: black, red, green, blue, yellow, purple, cyan, white. You can optionally prefix these with bright- to get the bright version (e.g. bright-white).
  • Một # được theo sau bởi một số thập lục phân gồm sáu chữ số. Cái này quy định một mã thập lục phân cho màu RGB.
  • Một số nằm giữa 0-255. Cái này quy định một mã màu ANSI 8-bit.

Nếu nhiều màu được quy định cho màu chữ/màu nền, cái cuối cùng trong chuỗi sẽ được ưu tiên.

Not every style string will be displayed correctly by every terminal. In particular, the following known quirks exist:

  • Many terminals disable support for blink by default.
  • hidden is not supported on iTerm.
  • strikethrough is not supported by the default macOS Terminal.app.