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starship/docs/de-DE/advanced-config/README.md
Matan Kushner 4c3c75a0e9
docs(i18n): new Crowdin updates (#5992)
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Erweiterte Konfiguration

Auch wenn Starship eine vielseitige Shell ist, reichen manche Konfigurationen in der starship.toml nicht aus, um manche Sachen zu erreichen. Diese Seite beschreibt einige fortgeschrittene Konfigurationen für Starship.

::: warning

Die hier beschriebenen Konfigurationen werden sich mit kommenden Updates von Starship verändern.

:::

TransientPrompt in PowerShell

Es ist möglich, die zuvor geprintete Prompt mit einem benutzerdefinierten String zu ersetzen. Das ist in Fällen nützlich, in denen nicht immer die ganze Information der Prompt gebraucht wird. Führe Enable-TransientPrompt in deiner Shell-Session aus, um dieses Verhalten zu aktivieren. Füge das Statement in dein $PROFILE ein, um diese Funktion dauerhaft zu aktivieren. Transience can be disabled on-the-fly with Disable-TransientPrompt.

By default, the left side of input gets replaced with >. To customize this, define a new function called Invoke-Starship-TransientFunction. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do

function Invoke-Starship-TransientFunction {
  &starship module character
}

Invoke-Expression (&starship init powershell)

Enable-TransientPrompt

TransientPrompt and TransientRightPrompt in Cmd

Clink allows you to replace the previous-printed prompt with custom strings. Das ist in Fällen nützlich, in denen nicht immer die ganze Information der Prompt gebraucht wird. To enable this, run clink set prompt.transient <value> where <value> can be one of:

  • always: always replace the previous prompt
  • same_dir: replace the previous prompt only if the working directory is same
  • off: do not replace the prompt (i.e. turn off transience)

You need to do this only once. Make the following changes to your starship.lua to customize what gets displayed on the left and on the right:

  • By default, the left side of input gets replaced with >. To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_prompt_func. This function receives the current prompt as a string that you can utilize. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do
function starship_transient_prompt_func(prompt)
  return io.popen("starship module character"
    .." --keymap="..rl.getvariable('keymap')
  ):read("*a")
end
load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()
  • By default, the right side of input is empty. To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_rprompt_func. This function receives the current prompt as a string that you can utilize. For example, to display the time at which the last command was started here, you would do
function starship_transient_rprompt_func(prompt)
  return io.popen("starship module time"):read("*a")
end
load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()

TransientPrompt and TransientRightPrompt in Fish

Es ist möglich, die zuvor geprintete Prompt mit einem benutzerdefinierten String zu ersetzen. Das ist in Fällen nützlich, in denen nicht immer die ganze Information der Prompt gebraucht wird. To enable this, run enable_transience in the shell session. To make it permanent, put this statement in your ~/.config/fish/config.fish. Transience can be disabled on-the-fly with disable_transience.

Note that in case of Fish, the transient prompt is only printed if the commandline is non-empty, and syntactically correct.

  • By default, the left side of input gets replaced with a bold-green . To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_prompt_func. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do
function starship_transient_prompt_func
  starship module character
end
starship init fish | source
enable_transience
  • By default, the right side of input is empty. To customize this, define a new function called starship_transient_rprompt_func. For example, to display the time at which the last command was started here, you would do
function starship_transient_rprompt_func
  starship module time
end
starship init fish | source
enable_transience

TransientPrompt and TransientRightPrompt in Bash

The Ble.sh framework at v0.4 or higher allows you to replace the previous-printed prompt with custom strings. This is useful in cases where all the prompt information is not always needed. To enable this, put this in ~/.bashrc bleopt prompt_ps1_transient=<value>:

The <value> here is a colon-separated list of always, same-dir and trim. When prompt_ps1_final is empty and the option prompt_ps1_transient has a non-empty <value>, the prompt specified by PS1 is erased on leaving the current command line. If <value> contains a field trim, only the last line of multiline PS1 is preserved and the other lines are erased. Otherwise, the command line will be redrawn as if PS1= is specified. When a field same-dir is contained in <value> and the current working directory is different from the final directory of the previous command line, this option prompt_ps1_transient is ignored.

Make the following changes to your ~/.blerc (or in ~/.config/blesh/init.sh) to customize what gets displayed on the left and on the right:

  • To customize what the left side of input gets replaced with, configure the prompt_ps1_final Ble.sh option. For example, to display Starship's character module here, you would do
bleopt prompt_ps1_final='$(starship module character)'
  • To customize what the right side of input gets replaced with, configure the prompt_rps1_final Ble.sh option. For example, to display the time at which the last command was started here, you would do
bleopt prompt_rps1_final='$(starship module time)'

Custom pre-prompt and pre-execution Commands in Cmd

Clink provides extremely flexible APIs to run pre-prompt and pre-exec commands in Cmd shell. It is fairly simple to use with Starship. Make the following changes to your starship.lua file as per your requirements:

  • To run a custom function right before the prompt is drawn, define a new function called starship_preprompt_user_func. This function receives the current prompt as a string that you can utilize. For example, to draw a rocket before the prompt, you would do
function starship_preprompt_user_func(prompt)
  print("🚀")
end

load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()
  • To run a custom function right before a command is executed, define a new function called starship_precmd_user_func. This function receives the current commandline as a string that you can utilize. For example, to print the command that's about to be executed, you would do
function starship_precmd_user_func(line)
  print("Executing: "..line)
end

load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()

Benutzerdefinierte Pre-Prompt- und Pre-Execution-Befehle in der Bash

Die Bash Shell hat, im Gegensatz zu vielen anderen Shells, kein konventionelles preexec/precmd Framework. Daher gestaltet es sich schwierig, vollständig anpassbare Hooks für bash anzubieten. Starship bietet daher die begrenzte Möglichkeit, eigene Funktionen in das prompt rendering Verfahren einzufügen:

  • Um eine benutzerdefinierte Funktion kurz vor Anzeige der Eingabeaufforderung auszuführen, definiere eine neue Funktion und weise den Namen starship_precmd_user_func zu. Um beispielsweise eine Rakete anzuzeigen, bevor die Eingabeaufforderung erscheint, würde man folgendes tun
function blastoff(){
    echo "🚀"
}
starship_precmd_user_func="blastoff"
  • Um eine benutzerdefinierte Funktion direkt vor der Ausführung eines Befehls auszulösen, kann man den DEBUG trap Mechanismus verwenden. Allerdings muss das DEBUG Signal vor der Initialisierung von Starship getrapped werden! Starship kann den Wert der DEBUG-trap speichern. Wenn der Wert der DEBUG-trap überschrieben wird nachdem Starship gestartet ist kann es zu Fehlern im Bezug auf die verwendete DEBUG-trap kommen.
function blastoff(){
    echo "🚀"
}
trap blastoff DEBUG     # Trap DEBUG *before* running starship
set -o functrace
eval $(starship init bash)
set +o functrace

Benutzerdefinierte Pre-Prompt- und Pre-Execution-Befehle in PowerShell

PowerShell does not have a formal preexec/precmd framework like most other shells. Because of this, it is difficult to provide fully customizable hooks in powershell. Starship bietet daher die begrenzte Möglichkeit, eigene Funktionen in das prompt rendering Verfahren einzufügen:

Create a function named Invoke-Starship-PreCommand

function Invoke-Starship-PreCommand {
    $host.ui.Write("🚀")
}

Fenstertitel anpassen

Some shell prompts will automatically change the window title for you (e.g. to reflect your working directory). Fish ist standardmäßig so konfiguriert. Starship does not do this, but it's fairly straightforward to add this functionality to bash, zsh, cmd or powershell.

Zuerst wird eine Funktion definiert um den Fenstertitel zu ändern ( für bash und zsh ist die Funktion identisch):

function set_win_title(){
    echo -ne "\033]0; DEIN_FENSTERTITEL_HIER \007"
}

Sie können Variablen verwenden, um diesen Titel anzupassen ($USER, $HOSTNAME, $PWD).

Für bash muss die Funktion als "precmd starship"-Funktion gesetzt werden:

starship_precmd_user_func="set_win_title"

Füge dies in Zsh zum precmd_functions-Array hinzu:

precmd_functions+=(set_win_title)

If you like the result, add these lines to your shell configuration file (~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc) to make it permanent.

Zum Beispiel, wenn sie ihr aktuelles Verzeichnis als Terminal Title anzeigen wollen, fügen Sie folgenden Code-Schnipsel zu ihrer ~/.bashrc oder ~/.zshrc hinzu:

function set_win_title(){
    echo -ne "\033]0; $(basename "$PWD") \007"
}
starship_precmd_user_func="set_win_title"

For Cmd, you can change the window title using the starship_preprompt_user_func function.

function starship_preprompt_user_func(prompt)
  console.settitle(os.getenv('USERNAME').."@"..os.getenv('COMPUTERNAME')..": "..os.getcwd())
end

load(io.popen('starship init cmd'):read("*a"))()

You can also set a similar output with PowerShell by creating a function named Invoke-Starship-PreCommand.

# edit $PROFILE
function Invoke-Starship-PreCommand {
  $host.ui.RawUI.WindowTitle = "$env:USERNAME@$env:COMPUTERNAME`: $pwd `a"
}

Invoke-Expression (&starship init powershell)

Enable Right Prompt

Some shells support a right prompt which renders on the same line as the input. Starship can set the content of the right prompt using the right_format option. Any module that can be used in format is also supported in right_format. The $all variable will only contain modules not explicitly used in either format or right_format.

Note: The right prompt is a single line following the input location. To right align modules above the input line in a multi-line prompt, see the fill module.

right_format is currently supported for the following shells: elvish, fish, zsh, xonsh, cmd, nushell, bash.

Note: The Ble.sh framework v0.4 or higher should be installed in order to use right prompt in bash.

Beispiel

# ~/.config/starship.toml

# A minimal left prompt
format = """$character"""

# move the rest of the prompt to the right
right_format = """$all"""

Produces a prompt like the following:

▶                                   starship on  rprompt [!] is 📦 v0.57.0 via 🦀 v1.54.0 took 17s

Fortsetzungsprompt

Einige Shells unterstützen einen speziellen Fortsetzungsprompt zusätzlich zum normalen Prompt. Dieser Prompt wird anstelle des normalen Prompts ausgegeben, wenn der Benutzer ein unvollständiges Kommando eingegeben hat (etwa wie eine einzelne linke Klammer oder ein einzelnes Anführungszeichen).

Starship kann das Aussehen des Fortsetzungs-Prompts mit der continuation_prompt Option einstellen. The default prompt is '[∙](bright-black) '.

Hinweis: Die continuation_prompt Anweisung sollte auf einen literalen String ohne Variablen gesetzt werden.

Hinweis: Fortsetzungs-Prompts sind nur für folgende Shells verfügbar:

  • bash
  • zsh
  • PowerShell

Beispiel

# ~/.config/starship.toml

# A continuation prompt that displays two filled-in arrows
continuation_prompt = '▶▶ '

Style-Strings

Stil-Zeichenketten sind eine Liste von Wörtern, getrennt durch Leerzeichen. Die Wörter haben keine Groß- und Kleinschreibung (z.B. bold und BoLd werden als dieselbe Zeichenkette betrachtet). Jedes Wort kann eines der folgenden sein:

  • fett
  • kursiv
  • unterstrichen
  • gedimmt
  • invertiert
  • blink
  • hidden
  • strikethrough
  • bg:<color>
  • fg:<color>
  • <color>
  • keins

wobei <color> eine Farbspezifikation ist (siehe unten). fg:<color> und <color> tun derzeit dasselbe, das kann sich in Zukunft aber ändern. <color> can also be set to prev_fg or prev_bg which evaluates to the previous item's foreground or background color respectively if available or none otherwise. inverted tauscht Hinter- und Vordergrundfarben. Die Reihenfolge der Wörter in der Liste spielt keine Rolle.

none überschreibt alle anderen Tokens in einem String wenn es nicht ein Teil einer bg: Zeichenkette ist, so dass z.B. über die Zeichenkette fg:red none fg:blue kein Styling mehr anzeigt wird. bg:none setzt den Hintergrund auf die Standardfarbe, so fg:red bg:none entspricht rot oder fg:red und bg:green fg:red bg:none entspricht auch fg:red oder rot. In der Zukunft könnte die Unterstützung von none in Verbindung mit anderen Tokens fallen gelassen werden.

Eine Farbspezifikation kann wie folgt aussehen:

  • One of the standard terminal colors: black, red, green, blue, yellow, purple, cyan, white. You can optionally prefix these with bright- to get the bright version (e.g. bright-white).
  • Eine # gefolgt von einer sechsstelligen Hexadezimalnummer. Dies ergibt einen RGB hex Farbcode.
  • Eine Zahl zwischen 0-255. Dies ergibt einen 8-bit ANSI-Farbcode.

Wenn mehrere Farben für Vordergrund oder Hintergrund angegeben werden, hat die letzte Farbe der Zeichenkette Priorität.

Not every style string will be displayed correctly by every terminal. In particular, the following known quirks exist:

  • Many terminals disable support for blink by default.
  • hidden is not supported on iTerm.
  • strikethrough is not supported by the default macOS Terminal.app.