docs: add syntax section to go cheatsheet

languages/golang.md

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@
 - Syntax
     - [Basic Types](#basic-types)
     - [Variables](#variables)
+    - [Operators](#operators)
+    - [Conditional Statements](#conditional-statements)
+    - [Loops](#loops)
+    - [Functions](#functions)
 
 ## Hello World
 
@@ -22,6 +26,10 @@ func main() {
 }
 ```
 
+[Return to Summary](#summary)
+
+<hr/>
+
 ## Go CLI Commands
 
 ```bash
@@ -61,6 +69,10 @@ $ go env
 $ go version
 ```
 
+[Return to Summary](#summary)
+
+<hr/>
+
 ## Go Modules
 
 - Go projects are called **modules**
@@ -79,6 +91,10 @@ domain.com/user/module/package
 
 Example: github.com/spf13/cobra
 
+<hr/>
+
+[Return to Summary](#summary)
+
 ## Basic Types
 
 |   Type    |   Set of Values   |   Values  |
@@ -101,6 +117,10 @@ Example: github.com/spf13/cobra
 | byte | sets of bits | alias for uint8  |
 | rune | Unicode characters | alias for int32 |
 
+[Return to Summary](#summary)
+
+<hr/>
+
 ## Variables
 
 ```go
@@ -133,4 +153,186 @@ var boolean bool // ""
 
 i := 1.234 // float
 int(i) // 1
-```
+
+// Constants
+const pi = 3.1415
+```
+
+<hr/>
+
+## Operators
+
+[Return to Summary](#summary)
+
+Arithmetic Operators
+|   Symbol  |   Operation   |   Valid Types |
+|:---------:|:-------------:|:-------------:|
+| `+` | Sum | integers, floats, complex values, strings |
+| `-` | Difference | integers, floats, complex values |
+| `*` | Product | integers, floats, complex values |
+| `/` | Quotient | integers, floats, complex values |
+| `%` | Remainder | integers |
+| `&` | Bitwise AND | integers |
+| `|` | Bitwise OR | integers |
+| `^` | Bitwise XOR | integers |
+| `&^` | Bit clear (AND NOT) | integers |
+| `<<` | Left shift | integer << unsigned integer |
+| `>>` | Right shift | integer >> unsigned integer |
+
+Comparison Operators
+|   Symbol  |   Operation   |
+|:---------:|:-------------:|
+| `==` | Equal |
+| `!=` | Not equal |
+| `<` | Less |
+| `<=` | Less or equal |
+| `>` | Greater |
+| `>=` | Greater or equal |
+
+Logical Operators
+|   Symbol  |   Operation   |
+|:---------:|:-------------:|
+| `&&` | Conditional AND |
+| `||` | Conditional OR |
+| `!` | NOT |
+
+[Return to Summary](#summary)
+
+<hr/>
+
+## Conditional Statements
+
+```go
+// If / Else
+i := 1
+
+if i > 0 {
+    // Condition is True! i is greater than zero
+} else {
+    // Condition is False! i is lower or equal to zero
+}
+
+// Else if
+i := 1
+
+if i > 0 {
+    // Condition is True! i is greater than zero
+} else if i > 0 && i < 2 {
+    // Condition is True! i greater than zero and lower than two
+} else if i > 1 && i < 4 {
+    // Condition is True! i greater than one and lower than four
+} else {
+    // None of the above conditions is True, so it falls here
+}
+
+// If with short statements
+i := 2.567
+
+if j := int(i); j == 2 {
+    // Condition is True! j, the integer value of i, is equal to two
+} else {
+    // Condition is False! j, the integer value of i, is not equal to two
+}
+
+// Switch
+text := 'hey'
+
+switch text {
+    case 'hey':
+        // 'Hello!'
+    case 'bye':
+        // 'Byee'
+    default:
+        // 'Ok'
+}   
+
+// Switch without condition
+value := 5
+
+switch {
+    case value < 2:
+        // 'Hello!'
+    case value >= 2 && value < 6:
+        // 'Byee'
+    default:
+        // 'Ok'
+}   
+```
+
+[Return to Summary](#summary)
+
+<hr/>
+
+## Loops
+
+```go
+// Golang only has the for loop
+for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+    // i
+}
+
+// The first and third parameters are ommitable
+// For as a while
+i := 0;
+
+for i < 10 {
+    i++
+}
+
+// Forever loop
+for {
+
+}
+```
+
+[Return to Summary](#summary)
+
+<hr/>
+
+## Functions
+```go
+// Functions acts as a scoped block of code
+func sayHello() {
+    // Hello World!
+}
+sayHello() // Hello World!
+
+// Functions can take zero or more parameters, as so return zero or more parameters
+func sum(x int, y int) int {
+    return x + y
+}
+sum(3, 7) // 10
+
+// Returned values can be named and be used inside the function
+func doubleAndTriple(x int) (double, triple int) {
+    double = x * 2
+    triple = x * 3
+    return
+}
+d, t := doubleAndTriple(5)
+// d = 10
+// t = 15
+
+// Functions can defer commands. Defered commands are
+// runned in a stack order after the execution and
+// returning of a function
+var aux = 0
+
+func switchValuesAndDouble(x, y int) {
+    aux = x
+    defer aux = 0 // cleaning variable to post use
+    x = y * 2
+    y = aux * 2
+}
+
+a, b = 2, 5
+switchValuesAndDouble(2, 5) 
+
+// a = 10
+// b = 4
+// aux = 0
+```
+
+[Return to Summary](#summary)
+
+<hr/>