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mirror of https://github.com/namibia/awesome-cheatsheets.git synced 2024-09-19 16:49:08 +00:00

Merge pull request #391 from Philip-Walsh/master

fix spelling and whitespace in cheatsheets
This commit is contained in:
Julien Le Coupanec 2024-08-24 23:07:02 +02:00 committed by GitHub
commit 88e5be6e4b
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8 changed files with 98 additions and 98 deletions

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@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
1. Data Types 1. Data Types
Primitive Size Example Primitive Size Example
String 2 bytes/char s = "reference"; String 2 bytes/char s = "reference";
bool b = true; bool b = true;
char 2 bytes ch = 'a'; char 2 bytes ch = 'a';
@ -16,20 +16,20 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
decimal 16 bytes val = 70.0M; decimal 16 bytes val = 70.0M;
2. Arrays 2. Arrays
2.1 Declaration 2.1 Declaration
//Initiliazed using a list defined with curly braces //Initiliazed using a list defined with curly braces
int[] nameArray = {100, 101, 102}; int[] nameArray = {100, 101, 102};
//Define an empty array //Define an empty array
int[] nameArray = new int[3]; // 3 rows and 2 columns int[] nameArray = new int[3]; // 3 rows and 2 columns
//To access a specific item in the array //To access a specific item in the array
int[] nameArray = new int[10]; int[] nameArray = new int[10];
int firstNumber = nameArray[0]; int firstNumber = nameArray[0];
nameArray[1] = 20; nameArray[1] = 20;
//Multidimensional arrays //Multidimensional arrays
int [,] matrix = new int [2,2] int [,] matrix = new int [2,2]
matrix[0,0] = 1; matrix[0,0] = 1;
@ -40,26 +40,26 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
int[,] predefinedMatrix = new int[2,2] { { 1, 2 }, { 3, 4 } }; int[,] predefinedMatrix = new int[2,2] { { 1, 2 }, { 3, 4 } };
2.2 Array Operations 2.2 Array Operations
//Sort ascending //Sort ascending
Array.Sort(nameArray); Array.Sort(nameArray);
//Sort begins at element 6 and sorts 20 elements //Sort begins at element 6 and sorts 20 elements
Array.Sort(nameArray,6,20); Array.Sort(nameArray,6,20);
//Use 1 array as a key & sort 2 arrays //Use 1 array as a key & sort 2 arrays
string[] values = {"Juan", "Victor", "Elena"}; string[] values = {"Juan", "Victor", "Elena"};
string[] keys = {"Jimenez", "Martin", "Ortiz"}; string[] keys = {"Jimenez", "Martin", "Ortiz"};
Array.Sort(keys, values); Array.Sort(keys, values);
//Clear elements in array (array, first element, # elements) //Clear elements in array (array, first element, # elements)
Array.Clear(nameArray, 0, nameArray.Length); Array.Clear(nameArray, 0, nameArray.Length);
//Copy elements from one array to another //Copy elements from one array to another
Array.Copy(scr, target, numOfElements); Array.Copy(scr, target, numOfElements);
3. String Operations 3. String Operations
//To concatenate between strings, use the plus operator: //To concatenate between strings, use the plus operator:
string firstName = "Erin"; string firstName = "Erin";
string lastName = "Roger"; string lastName = "Roger";
@ -68,27 +68,27 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
//To add one string to another, use the += operator: //To add one string to another, use the += operator:
string secondLastName = "Green"; string secondLastName = "Green";
string fullName += secondLastName; string fullName += secondLastName;
//ToString function //ToString function
//It converts an object to its string representation so that it is suitable for display //It converts an object to its string representation so that it is suitable for display
Object.ToString(); Object.ToString();
//String formatting //String formatting
//Each additional argument to the function can be referred to in the string using the brackets operator with the index number. //Each additional argument to the function can be referred to in the string using the brackets operator with the index number.
String.Format(String format, Object arg0); String.Format(String format, Object arg0);
format - A composite format string that includes one or more format items format - A composite format string that includes one or more format items
arg0 - The first or only object to format arg0 - The first or only object to format
//Substring //Substring
//Returns a part of the string, beginning from the index specified as the argument. Substring also accepts a maximum length for the substring //Returns a part of the string, beginning from the index specified as the argument. Substring also accepts a maximum length for the substring
String.Substring(beginAt); String.Substring(beginAt);
String.Substring(beginAt, maximum); String.Substring(beginAt, maximum);
//Replace //Replace
string newStr = oldStr.Replace("old","new"); string newStr = oldStr.Replace("old","new");
//IndexOf //IndexOf
//Finds the first ocurrence of a string in a larger string //Finds the first occurrence of a string in a larger string
//Returns -1 if the string is not found //Returns -1 if the string is not found
String.IndexOf(val, start, num) String.IndexOf(val, start, num)
val - string to search for val - string to search for
@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
String.Split(Char[]); String.Split(Char[]);
//ToCharArray //ToCharArray
//Places selected characteres in a string in a char array //Places selected characters in a string in a char array
String str = "AaBbCcDd"; String str = "AaBbCcDd";
//create array of 8 vowels //create array of 8 vowels
var chars = str.ToCharArray(); var chars = str.ToCharArray();
@ -132,11 +132,11 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
DateTime nextYear = DateTime.AddYears(1); DateTime nextYear = DateTime.AddYears(1);
6. TimeSpan 6. TimeSpan
6.1 TimeSpan Constructor 6.1 TimeSpan Constructor
TimpeSpan(hour, minute, sec) TimeSpan(hour, minute, sec)
TimeSpan timeS = new TimeSpan(10, 14, 50); TimeSpan timeS = new TimeSpan(10, 14, 50);
TimeSpan timeS_Hours = TimeSpan.FromDays(3640); TimeSpan timeS_Hours = TimeSpan.FromDays(3640);
@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
Format item syntax: {index[,alignment][:format string]} Format item syntax: {index[,alignment][:format string]}
index - Specifies element in list of values to which format is applied index - Specifies element in list of values to which format is applied
aligment - Indicates minimun width (in characters) to display value alignment - Indicates minimum width (in characters) to display value
format string - Contains the code which specififes the format of the displayed value format string - Contains the code which specifies the format of the displayed value
7.1 Numeric 7.1 Numeric
@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
csc -define:DEBUG -optimize -out:File2.exe *.cs -> Compiles all the C# files in the current directory with optimizations enabled and defines the DEBUG symbol. The output is File2.exe csc -define:DEBUG -optimize -out:File2.exe *.cs -> Compiles all the C# files in the current directory with optimizations enabled and defines the DEBUG symbol. The output is File2.exe
csc -target:library -out:File2.dll -warn:0 -nologo -debug *.cs -> Compiles all the C# files in the current directory producing a debug version of File2.dll. No logo and no warnings are displayed csc -target:library -out:File2.dll -warn:0 -nologo -debug *.cs -> Compiles all the C# files in the current directory producing a debug version of File2.dll. No logo and no warnings are displayed
csc -target:library -out:Something.xyz *.cs -> Compiles all the C# files in the current directory to Something.xyz (a DLL) csc -target:library -out:Something.xyz *.cs -> Compiles all the C# files in the current directory to Something.xyz (a DLL)
8.1 Compiler Options Listed 8.1 Compiler Options Listed
Option Purpose Option Purpose
@ -260,21 +260,21 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
10. Loop 10. Loop
10.1 While 10.1 While
while (condition) {body} while (condition) {body}
10.2 Do while 10.2 Do while
do {body} while condition; do {body} while condition;
10.3 For 10.3 For
for (initializer; termination condition; iteration;) { for (initializer; termination condition; iteration;) {
//statements //statements
} }
10.4 For each 10.4 For each
foreach (type identifier in collection) { foreach (type identifier in collection) {
//statements //statements
} }
@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
[access modifier] className (parameters) [:initializer] [access modifier] className (parameters) [:initializer]
initializer -base calls constructor in base class. initializer -base calls constructor in base class.
this calls constuctor within class. this calls constructor within class.
public class nameClass : Initializer { public class nameClass : Initializer {
public className(dataType param1 , dataType param2, ...) : base(param1, param2) public className(dataType param1 , dataType param2, ...) : base(param1, param2)
@ -313,8 +313,8 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
abstract must be implemented by subclass abstract must be implemented by subclass
Passing parameters: Passing parameters:
1. By default, parametres are passed by value 1. By default, parameters are passed by value
2. Passing by reference: ref, in and out modifers 2. Passing by reference: ref, in and out modifiers
To pass a parameter by reference with the intent of changing the value, use the ref, or out keyword. To pass by reference with the intent of avoiding copying but not changing the value, use the in modifier To pass a parameter by reference with the intent of changing the value, use the ref, or out keyword. To pass by reference with the intent of avoiding copying but not changing the value, use the in modifier
@ -331,9 +331,9 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
12. Struct 12. Struct
12.1 Defining a structure 12.1 Defining a structure
[attribute][modifier] struct name [:interfaces] { struct-body } [attribute][modifier] struct name [:interfaces] { struct-body }
12.2 Class vs Structure 12.2 Class vs Structure
-> Classes are reference types and structs are value types -> Classes are reference types and structs are value types
@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
//To declare an event inside a class, first a delegate type for the event must be declared. //To declare an event inside a class, first a delegate type for the event must be declared.
public delegate string MyDelegate(string str); public delegate string MyDelegate(string str);
//The event itself is declared by using the event keyword //The event itself is declared by using the event keyword
event MyDelegate MyEvent; event MyDelegate MyEvent;

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@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ Preprocessor directives:
Create and execute a program Create and execute a program
In Linux systems: In Linux systems:
1. Open up a terminal 1. Open up a terminal
2. Create the program: nano nameProgram.c 2. Create the program: nano nameProgram.c
3. Write the program and save it 3. Write the program and save it
4. gcc -o nameExecutable nameProgram.c 4. gcc -o nameExecutable nameProgram.c
32 Reserved words 32 Reserved words
@ -106,8 +106,8 @@ Operators
( ) grouping parenthesis, function call ( ) grouping parenthesis, function call
[ ] array indexing, also [ ][ ] etc. [ ] array indexing, also [ ][ ] etc.
-> selector, structure pointer -> selector, structure pointer
. select structure element . select structure element
! relational not, complement, ! a yields true or false ! relational not, complement, ! a yields true or false
~ bitwise not, ones complement, ~ a ~ bitwise not, ones complement, ~ a
++ increment, pre or post to a variable ++ increment, pre or post to a variable
@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ Operators
Operator precedence Operator precedence
More precedence More precedence
LR ( ) [ ] -> . x++ x-- LR ( ) [ ] -> . x++ x--
@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ Function definition
type function_name(int a, float b, const char * ch,...) { function_body } type function_name(int a, float b, const char * ch,...) { function_body }
/* only parameters passed by address can are modified*/ /* only parameters passed by address can are modified*/
/* in the calling function, local copy can be modified*/ /* in the calling function, local copy can be modified*/

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@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ XML uses a DTD to describe the data.
So the XML is a **Complement** to HTML. So the XML is a **Complement** to HTML.
* HTML: is used to format and display the same data. * HTML: is used to format and display the same data.
XML does not carry any information about how to be displayed. The same XML data can be used in many different presentation scenarios. XML does not carry any information about how to be displayed. The same XML data can be used in many different presentation scenarios.
Because of this, with XML, there is a full separation between data and presentation. Because of this, with XML, there is a full separation between data and presentation.

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@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ CTRL+X then ( # start recording a keyboard macro
CTRL+X then ) # finish recording keyboard macro CTRL+X then ) # finish recording keyboard macro
CTRL+X then E # recall last recorded keyboard macro CTRL+X then E # recall last recorded keyboard macro
CTRL+X then CTRL+E # invoke text editor (specified by $EDITOR) on current command line then execute resultes as shell commands CTRL+X then CTRL+E # invoke text editor (specified by $EDITOR) on current command line then execute resultes as shell commands
CTRL+A then D # logout from screen but don't kill it, if any command exist, it will continue CTRL+A then D # logout from screen but don't kill it, if any command exist, it will continue
BACKSPACE # deletes one character backward BACKSPACE # deletes one character backward
DELETE # deletes one character under cursor DELETE # deletes one character under cursor
@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ cat <filename> # displays file raw content (will not be interpret
cat -n <filename> # shows number of lines cat -n <filename> # shows number of lines
nl <file.sh> # shows number of lines in file nl <file.sh> # shows number of lines in file
cat filename1 > filename2 # Copy filename1 to filename2 cat filename1 > filename2 # Copy filename1 to filename2
cat filename1 >> filename2 # merge two files texts together cat filename1 >> filename2 # merge two files texts together
any_command > <filename> # '>' is used to perform redirections, it will set any_command's stdout to file instead of "real stdout" (generally /dev/stdout) any_command > <filename> # '>' is used to perform redirections, it will set any_command's stdout to file instead of "real stdout" (generally /dev/stdout)
more <filename> # shows the first part of a file (move with space and type q to quit) more <filename> # shows the first part of a file (move with space and type q to quit)
head <filename> # outputs the first lines of file (default: 10 lines) head <filename> # outputs the first lines of file (default: 10 lines)
@ -203,14 +203,14 @@ echo $$ # prints process ID of the current shell
echo $! # prints process ID of the most recently invoked background job echo $! # prints process ID of the most recently invoked background job
echo $? # displays the exit status of the last command echo $? # displays the exit status of the last command
read <varname> # reads a string from the input and assigns it to a variable read <varname> # reads a string from the input and assigns it to a variable
read -p "prompt" <varname> # same as above but outputs a prompt to ask user for value read -p "prompt" <varname> # same as above but outputs a prompt to ask user for value
column -t <filename> # display info in pretty columns (often used with pipe) column -t <filename> # display info in pretty columns (often used with pipe)
let <varname> = <equation> # performs mathematical calculation using operators like +, -, *, /, % let <varname> = <equation> # performs mathematical calculation using operators like +, -, *, /, %
export VARNAME=value # defines an environment variable (will be available in subprocesses) export VARNAME=value # defines an environment variable (will be available in subprocesses)
export -f <funcname> # Exports function 'funcname' export -f <funcname> # Exports function 'funcname'
export var1="var1 value" # Export and assign in the same statement export var1="var1 value" # Export and assign in the same statement
export <varname> # Copy Bash variable export <varname> # Copy Bash variable
declare -x <varname> # Copy Bash variable declare -x <varname> # Copy Bash variable
array[0]=valA # how to define an array array[0]=valA # how to define an array
array[1]=valB array[1]=valB
@ -507,9 +507,9 @@ function returntrap {
trap returntrap RETURN # is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with the . or source commands finishes executing trap returntrap RETURN # is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with the . or source commands finishes executing
############################################################################## ##############################################################################
# COLORS AND BACKGROUNDS # COLORS AND BACKGROUNDS
############################################################################## ##############################################################################
# note: \e or \x1B also work instead of \033 # note: \e or \x1B also work instead of \033
# Reset # Reset
Color_Off='\033[0m' # Text Reset Color_Off='\033[0m' # Text Reset
@ -524,14 +524,14 @@ Cyan='\033[0;36m' # Cyan
White='\033[0;97m' # White White='\033[0;97m' # White
# Additional colors # Additional colors
LGrey='\033[0;37m' # Ligth Gray LGrey='\033[0;37m' # Light Gray
DGrey='\033[0;90m' # Dark Gray DGrey='\033[0;90m' # Dark Gray
LRed='\033[0;91m' # Ligth Red LRed='\033[0;91m' # Light Red
LGreen='\033[0;92m' # Ligth Green LGreen='\033[0;92m' # Light Green
LYellow='\033[0;93m'# Ligth Yellow LYellow='\033[0;93m'# Light Yellow
LBlue='\033[0;94m' # Ligth Blue LBlue='\033[0;94m' # Light Blue
LPurple='\033[0;95m'# Light Purple LPurple='\033[0;95m'# Light Purple
LCyan='\033[0;96m' # Ligth Cyan LCyan='\033[0;96m' # Light Cyan
# Bold # Bold
@ -566,6 +566,6 @@ On_White='\033[47m' # White
# Example of usage # Example of usage
echo -e "${Green}This is GREEN text${Color_Off} and normal text" echo -e "${Green}This is GREEN text${Color_Off} and normal text"
echo -e "${Red}${On_White}This is Red test on White background${Color_Off}" echo -e "${Red}${On_White}This is Red test on White background${Color_Off}"
# option -e is mandatory, it enable interpretation of backslash escapes # option -e is mandatory, it enable interpretation of backslash escapes
printf "${Red} This is red \n" printf "${Red} This is red \n"

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@ -397,8 +397,8 @@ d, t := doubleAndTriple(5)
_, t := doubleAndTriple(3) _, t := doubleAndTriple(3)
// t = 9 // t = 9
// Functions can defer commands. Defered commands are // Functions can defer commands. Deferred commands are
// runned in a stack order after the execution and // ran in a stack order after the execution and
// returning of a function // returning of a function
var aux = 0 var aux = 0
@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ person3.Age // 0
## Maps ## Maps
Maps are data structures that holds values assigneds to a key. Maps are data structures that holds values assigned to a key.
```go ```go
// Declaring a map // Declaring a map
@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ newYork // "EUA"
// Delete // Delete
delete(cities, "NY") delete(cities, "NY")
// Check if a key is setted // Check if a key is set
value, ok := cities["NY"] value, ok := cities["NY"]
ok // false ok // false
value // "" value // ""
@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ Go doesn't support `throw`, `try`, `catch` and other common error handling struc
```go ```go
import "errors" import "errors"
// Function that contain a logic that can cause a possible exception flow // Function that contain a logic that can cause a possible exception flow
func firstLetter(text string) (string, error) { func firstLetter(text string) (string, error) {
if len(text) < 1 { if len(text) < 1 {
return nil, errors.New("Parameter text is empty") return nil, errors.New("Parameter text is empty")
@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ func Sum(x, y int) int {
} }
// main_test.go // main_test.go
import ( import (
"testing" "testing"
"reflect" "reflect"
) )
@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ func main() {
blocking2: 0 blocking2: 0
blocking2: 1 blocking2: 1
blocking2: 2 blocking2: 2
done done
*/ */
// Go routines are a function (either declared previously or anonymous) called with the keyword go // Go routines are a function (either declared previously or anonymous) called with the keyword go

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@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ a \|= b; //a is the variable name; b is the variable name; this expression is an
} }
``` ```
**Example:** **Example:**
```java ```java
for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) { for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
System.out.println(i); System.out.println(i);
} }
@ -254,10 +254,10 @@ for(dataType item : array) {
**Example:** **Example:**
```java ```java
int i=1; int i=1;
do{ do{
System.out.println(i); System.out.println(i);
i++; i++;
}while(i<=10); }while(i<=10);
``` ```
@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ for(dataType item : array) {
//Declare a variable, object name //Declare a variable, object name
String s; String s;
//Invoke a contructor to create an object //Invoke a constructor to create an object
s = new String ("Hello World"); s = new String ("Hello World");
//Invoke an instance method that operates on the object's value //Invoke an instance method that operates on the object's value
@ -361,13 +361,13 @@ class MyClass {
// four methods // four methods
public void setCadence(int newValue) { public void setCadence(int newValue) {
cadence = newValue; cadence = newValue;
} }
public void setGear(int newValue) { public void setGear(int newValue) {
gear = newValue; gear = newValue;
} }
public void applyBrake(int decrement) { public void applyBrake(int decrement) {
speed -= decrement; speed -= decrement;
} }
public void speedUp(int increment) { public void speedUp(int increment) {
speed += increment; speed += increment;
} }
@ -531,13 +531,13 @@ class MyClass extends MySuperClass implements YourInterface {
```java ```java
interface print{ interface print{
void printPaper(); void printPaper();
} }
public class A4 implements print{ public class A4 implements print{
public void printPaper(){ public void printPaper(){
System.out.println("A4 Page Printed. "); System.out.println("A4 Page Printed. ");
} }
} }
``` ```

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@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
<?php <?php
// Exit the file, string inside get's echo'ed // Exit the file, string inside get's echo'ed
die("This file is not ment to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯"); die("This file is not meant to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯");
exit("This file is not ment to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯"); exit("This file is not meant to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯");
/** /**
* Printing * Printing
@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ var_dump($arr); // Print anything, with type hints for any value and sizes
$string = 'Awesome cheatsheets'; $string = 'Awesome cheatsheets';
str_contains($string, 'cheat'); // Find if the string contains the specified string (PHP >= 8.0) str_contains($string, 'cheat'); // Find if the string contains the specified string (PHP >= 8.0)
str_replace('Awesome', 'Bonjour', $string); // Replace all occurence str_replace('Awesome', 'Bonjour', $string); // Replace all occurrence
strcmp($string, 'Awesome cheatsheets'); // Compare two strings strcmp($string, 'Awesome cheatsheets'); // Compare two strings
strpos($string, 'a', 0); // Get position in the string strpos($string, 'a', 0); // Get position in the string
str_split($string, 2); // Split the string str_split($string, 2); // Split the string
@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ $argc; // Number of arguments passed into terminal
$myObject?->getName()?->startWith('A'); $myObject?->getName()?->startWith('A');
/** /**
* Class * Class
* http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.basic.php * http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.basic.php
*/ */
class NormalClass extends AbstractClassName implements InterfaceName class NormalClass extends AbstractClassName implements InterfaceName
@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class NormalClass extends AbstractClassName implements InterfaceName
// --> PROPERTY TYPES <-- // --> PROPERTY TYPES <--
/** /**
* Public property, everyone can access this property. * Public property, everyone can access this property.
* @var Type * @var Type
*/ */
public $property; public $property;
@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ class NormalClass extends AbstractClassName implements InterfaceName
protected function protectedFunction(Type $var = null): Type protected function protectedFunction(Type $var = null): Type
{ {
} }
/** /**
* Static function, doesn't need an instance to be executed. * Static function, doesn't need an instance to be executed.
* @param Type * @param Type
@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ u Pattern is treated as UTF-8
\w Any "word" character (a-z 0-9 _) \w Any "word" character (a-z 0-9 _)
\W Any non "word" character \W Any non "word" character
\s Whitespace (space, tab CRLF) \s Whitespace (space, tab CRLF)
\S Any non whitepsace character \S Any non whitespace character
\d Digits (0-9) \d Digits (0-9)
\D Any non digit character \D Any non digit character
. (Period) - Any character except newline . (Period) - Any character except newline

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@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
- As of python3.8 there are 35 keywords - As of python3.8 there are 35 keywords
| Keyword | Description | Category | | Keyword | Description | Category |
|---------- | ---------- | --------- | |---------- | ---------- | --------- |
| True | Boolean value for not False or 1 | Value Keyword| | True | Boolean value for not False or 1 | Value Keyword|
| False | Boolean Value for not True or 0 | Value Keyword | | False | Boolean Value for not True or 0 | Value Keyword |
| None | No Value | Value keyword | | None | No Value | Value keyword |
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
| else | this block will be executed if condition is false | conditional | | else | this block will be executed if condition is false | conditional |
| for | used for looping | iteration | | for | used for looping | iteration |
| while | used for looping | iteration | | while | used for looping | iteration |
| break | get out of loop | iteration | | break | get out of loop | iteration |
| continue | skip for specific condition | iteration | | continue | skip for specific condition | iteration |
| def | make user defined function | structure | | def | make user defined function | structure |
| class | make user defined classes | structure | | class | make user defined classes | structure |
@ -71,8 +71,8 @@
| import | import libraries/modules/packages | import | | import | import libraries/modules/packages | import |
| from | import specific function/classes from modules/packages | import | | from | import specific function/classes from modules/packages | import |
| try | this block will be tried to get executed | exception handling | | try | this block will be tried to get executed | exception handling |
| except | is any exception/error has occured it'll be executed | exception handling | | except | is any exception/error has occurred it'll be executed | exception handling |
| finally | It'll be executed no matter exception occurs or not | exception handling | | finally | It'll be executed no matter exception occurs or not | exception handling |
| raise | throws any specific error/exception | exception handling | | raise | throws any specific error/exception | exception handling |
| assert | throws an AssertionError if condition is false | exception handling | | assert | throws an AssertionError if condition is false | exception handling |
| async | used to define asynchronous functions/co-routines | asynchronous programming | | async | used to define asynchronous functions/co-routines | asynchronous programming |
@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
- Lists are created using square brackets: - Lists are created using square brackets:
```python ```python
thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
``` ```
- List items are ordered, changeable, and allow duplicate values. - List items are ordered, changeable, and allow duplicate values.
@ -157,14 +157,14 @@ thislist = list(("apple", "banana", "cherry")) # note the double round-brackets
- pop() function removes the last value in the given list by default. - pop() function removes the last value in the given list by default.
```python ```python
thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
print(thislist.pop()) # cherry print(thislist.pop()) # cherry
print(thislist.pop(0)) #apple print(thislist.pop(0)) #apple
``` ```
### Tuple ### Tuple
@ -291,14 +291,14 @@ thisdict = {
"model": "Mustang", "model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964 "year": 1964
} }
x = car.pop("model") x = car.pop("model")
print(x)# Mustang print(x)# Mustang
print(car)#{'brand': 'Ford', 'year': 1964} print(car)#{'brand': 'Ford', 'year': 1964}
``` ```
### Conditional branching ### Conditional branching
@ -378,5 +378,5 @@ function_name()
``` ```
* We need not to specify the return type of the function. * We need not to specify the return type of the function.
* Functions by default return `None` * Functions by default return `None`
* We can return any datatype. * We can return any datatype.