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Add walkthrough to README.md
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William Melody
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README.md
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README.md
@ -13,6 +13,9 @@
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remove, comment, and search hosts file entries using simple, memorable
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commands.
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`hosts` is designed to be lightweight, easy to use, and contained in a
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single, portable script that can be `curl`ed into any environment.
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## Installation
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### Homebrew
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@ -54,11 +57,230 @@ A package for Arch users is also
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## Usage
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### Listing Entries
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`hosts` with no arguments lists the entries in the system's hosts file:
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```bash
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> hosts
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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255.255.255.255 broadcasthost
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::1 localhost
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fe80::1%lo0 localhost
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```
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`hosts` called with a string or regular expression will search for entries
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that match.
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```bash
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> hosts localhost
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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::1 localhost
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fe80::1%lo0 localhost
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> hosts '\d\d\d'
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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255.255.255.255 broadcasthost
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```
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### Adding Entries
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To add an entry, use `hosts add`:
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```bash
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> hosts add 127.0.0.1 example.com
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Added:
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127.0.0.1 example.com
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```
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Run `hosts` or `hosts list` to see the new entry in the list:
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```bash
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> hosts
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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255.255.255.255 broadcasthost
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::1 localhost
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fe80::1%lo0 localhost
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127.0.0.1 example.com
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```
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### Removing Entries
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To remove an entry, use `hosts remove`, which can take an IP
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address, domain, or regular expression:
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```bash
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> hosts remove example.com
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Removing the following records:
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127.0.0.1 example.com
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Are you sure you want to proceed? [y/N] y
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Removed:
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127.0.0.1 example.com
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```
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### Blocking and Unblocking Domains
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`hosts` provides easy commands for blocking and unblocking domains with IPv4
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and IPv6 entries:
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```bash
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> hosts block example.com
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Added:
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127.0.0.1 example.com
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Added:
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fe80::1%lo0 example.com
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Added:
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::1 example.com
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> hosts unblock example.com
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Removed:
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127.0.0.1 example.com
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Removed:
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fe80::1%lo0 example.com
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Removed:
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::1 example.com
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```
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### Enabling / Disabling Entries
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Add entries are enabled by default. Disabiling an entry comments it out
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so it has no effect, but remains in the hosts file ready to be enabled
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again.
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```bash
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> hosts
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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255.255.255.255 broadcasthost
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::1 localhost
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fe80::1%lo0 localhost
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127.0.0.1 example.com
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> hosts disable example.com
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Disabling:
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127.0.0.1 example.com
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> hosts
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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255.255.255.255 broadcasthost
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::1 localhost
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fe80::1%lo0 localhost
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Disabled:
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---------
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127.0.0.1 example.com
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> hosts enable example.com
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Enabling:
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127.0.0.1 example.com
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> hosts
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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255.255.255.255 broadcasthost
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::1 localhost
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fe80::1%lo0 localhost
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127.0.0.1 example.com
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```
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### Backups
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Create backups of your hosts file with `hosts backups create`:
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```bash
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> hosts backups create
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Backed up to /etc/hosts--backup-20200101000000
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```
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List your backups with `hosts backups`. If you have existing hosts file
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backups, `hosts` will include them:
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```bash
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> hosts backups
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hosts--backup-20200101000000
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hosts.bak
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```
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`hosts backups compare` will open your hosts file with `diff`:
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```bash
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> hosts backups compare hosts--backup-20200101000000
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--- /etc/hosts 2020-01-01 00:00:00.000000000
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+++ /etc/hosts--backup-20200101000000 2020-01-01 00:00:00.000000000
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@@ -8,3 +8,4 @@
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255.255.255.255 broadcasthost
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::1 localhost
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fe80::1%lo0 localhost
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+127.0.0.1 example.com
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```
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View a backup with `hosts backups show`:
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```bash
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> hosts backups show hosts--backup-20200101000000
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##
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# Host Database
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#
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# localhost is used to configure the loopback interface
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# when the system is booting. Do not change this entry.
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##
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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255.255.255.255 broadcasthost
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::1 localhost
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fe80::1%lo0 localhost
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```
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Restore a backup with `hosts backups restore`. Before a backup is
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restored, a new one is created to avoid data loss:
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```bash
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> hosts backups restore hosts--backup-20200101000000
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Backed up to /etc/hosts--backup-20200102000001
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Restored from backup: hosts--backup-20200101000000
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```
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### Viewing and Editing `/etc/hosts` Directly
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`hosts file` prints the raw contents of `/etc/hosts`:
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```bash
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> hosts file
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##
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# Host Database
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#
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# localhost is used to configure the loopback interface
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# when the system is booting. Do not change this entry.
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##
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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255.255.255.255 broadcasthost
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::1 localhost
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fe80::1%lo0 localhost
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```
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`hosts edit` opens `/etc/hosts` in your editor:
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```bash
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> hosts edit
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```
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### `--auto-sudo`
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When the `--auto-sudo` flag is used, all write operations that require
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`sudo` will automatically rerun the command using `sudo` when the current user
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does not have write permissions for the hosts file.
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To have this option always enabled, add the following line to your shell
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configuration (`.bashrc`, `.zshrc`, or similar):
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```bash
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alias hosts="hosts --auto-sudo"
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```
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## Help
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```text
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Usage:
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hosts [<search string>]
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hosts add <ip> <hostname> [<comment>]
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hosts backups [create | [compare | delete | restore | show] <filename>]
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hosts backups [create | (compare | delete | restore | show) <filename>]
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hosts block <hostname>...
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hosts disable (<ip> | <hostname> | <search string>)
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hosts disabled
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@ -137,14 +359,15 @@ Subcommands:
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backups List available backups.
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backups create Create a new backup of the hosts file.
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backups compare Compare a backup file with the current hosts file.
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The diff tool configured for git will be used if
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one is set.
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backups delete Delete the specified backup.
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backups restore Replace the contents of the hosts file with a
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specified backup. The hosts file is automatically
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backed up before being overwritten unless the
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'--skip-backup' flag is specified.
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backups show Show the contents of the specified backup file.
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Description:
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Manage backups.
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```
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### `hosts block`
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@ -316,29 +539,6 @@ Description:
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Display the current program version.
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```
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## Options
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### `--auto-sudo`
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When specified, all write operations that require `sudo` will automatically
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rerun the command using `sudo` when the current user does not have write
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permissions for the hosts file.
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To have this option always enabled, add the following line to your shell
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configuration (`.bashrc`, `.zshrc`, or similar):
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```bash
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alias hosts="hosts --auto-sudo"
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```
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### `-h` `--help`
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Display help information.
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### `--version`
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Display version information.
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## Tests
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To run the test suite, install [Bats](https://github.com/sstephenson/bats) and
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