diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog index bd0acc2b..9d4f18e1 100644 --- a/ChangeLog +++ b/ChangeLog @@ -1,5 +1,8 @@ 2017-08-25 Jay Berkenbilt + * Re-implement parser iteratively to avoid stack overflow on very + deeply nested arrays and dictionaries. Fixes #146. + * Detect infinite loop while finding additional xref tables. Fixes #149. diff --git a/include/qpdf/QPDFObjectHandle.hh b/include/qpdf/QPDFObjectHandle.hh index 7763a666..344f6a94 100644 --- a/include/qpdf/QPDFObjectHandle.hh +++ b/include/qpdf/QPDFObjectHandle.hh @@ -667,7 +667,6 @@ class QPDFObjectHandle std::string const& object_description, QPDFTokenizer& tokenizer, bool& empty, StringDecrypter* decrypter, QPDF* context, - bool in_array, bool in_dictionary, bool content_stream); static void parseContentStream_internal( PointerHolder stream_data, diff --git a/libqpdf/QPDFObjectHandle.cc b/libqpdf/QPDFObjectHandle.cc index 893da3f2..e854253a 100644 --- a/libqpdf/QPDFObjectHandle.cc +++ b/libqpdf/QPDFObjectHandle.cc @@ -883,8 +883,7 @@ QPDFObjectHandle::parseContentStream_internal(PointerHolder stream_data, while (static_cast(input->tell()) < length) { QPDFObjectHandle obj = - parseInternal(input, "content", tokenizer, empty, - 0, 0, false, false, true); + parseInternal(input, "content", tokenizer, empty, 0, 0, true); if (! obj.isInitialized()) { // EOF @@ -945,7 +944,7 @@ QPDFObjectHandle::parse(PointerHolder input, StringDecrypter* decrypter, QPDF* context) { return parseInternal(input, object_description, tokenizer, empty, - decrypter, context, false, false, false); + decrypter, context, false); } QPDFObjectHandle @@ -953,7 +952,6 @@ QPDFObjectHandle::parseInternal(PointerHolder input, std::string const& object_description, QPDFTokenizer& tokenizer, bool& empty, StringDecrypter* decrypter, QPDF* context, - bool in_array, bool in_dictionary, bool content_stream) { // This method must take care not to resolve any objects. Don't @@ -962,22 +960,23 @@ QPDFObjectHandle::parseInternal(PointerHolder input, // of reading the object and changing the file pointer. empty = false; - if (in_dictionary && in_array) - { - // Although dictionaries and arrays arbitrarily nest, these - // variables indicate what is at the top of the stack right - // now, so they can, by definition, never both be true. - throw std::logic_error( - "INTERNAL ERROR: parseInternal: in_dict && in_array"); - } QPDFObjectHandle object; - qpdf_offset_t offset = input->tell(); - std::vector olist; + std::vector > olist_stack; + olist_stack.push_back(std::vector()); + enum state_e { st_top, st_start, st_stop, st_eof, st_dictionary, st_array }; + std::vector state_stack; + state_stack.push_back(st_top); + std::vector offset_stack; + offset_stack.push_back(input->tell()); bool done = false; while (! done) { + std::vector& olist = olist_stack.back(); + state_e state = state_stack.back(); + qpdf_offset_t offset = offset_stack.back(); + object = QPDFObjectHandle(); QPDFTokenizer::Token token = @@ -988,8 +987,7 @@ QPDFObjectHandle::parseInternal(PointerHolder input, case QPDFTokenizer::tt_eof: if (content_stream) { - // Return uninitialized object to indicate EOF - return object; + state = st_eof; } else { @@ -1012,9 +1010,9 @@ QPDFObjectHandle::parseInternal(PointerHolder input, break; case QPDFTokenizer::tt_array_close: - if (in_array) + if (state == st_array) { - done = true; + state = st_stop; } else { @@ -1029,9 +1027,9 @@ QPDFObjectHandle::parseInternal(PointerHolder input, break; case QPDFTokenizer::tt_dict_close: - if (in_dictionary) + if (state == st_dictionary) { - done = true; + state = st_stop; } else { @@ -1046,15 +1044,13 @@ QPDFObjectHandle::parseInternal(PointerHolder input, break; case QPDFTokenizer::tt_array_open: - object = parseInternal( - input, object_description, tokenizer, empty, - decrypter, context, true, false, content_stream); - break; - case QPDFTokenizer::tt_dict_open: - object = parseInternal( - input, object_description, tokenizer, empty, - decrypter, context, false, true, content_stream); + olist_stack.push_back(std::vector()); + state = st_start; + offset_stack.push_back(input->tell()); + state_stack.push_back( + (token.getType() == QPDFTokenizer::tt_array_open) ? + st_array : st_dictionary); break; case QPDFTokenizer::tt_bool: @@ -1084,12 +1080,12 @@ QPDFObjectHandle::parseInternal(PointerHolder input, { object = QPDFObjectHandle::newOperator(value); } - else if ((value == "R") && (in_array || in_dictionary) && - (olist.size() >= 2) && - (! olist.at(olist.size() - 1).isIndirect()) && - (olist.at(olist.size() - 1).isInteger()) && - (! olist.at(olist.size() - 2).isIndirect()) && - (olist.at(olist.size() - 2).isInteger())) + else if ((value == "R") && (state != st_top) && + (olist.size() >= 2) && + (! olist.at(olist.size() - 1).isIndirect()) && + (olist.at(olist.size() - 1).isInteger()) && + (! olist.at(olist.size() - 2).isIndirect()) && + (olist.at(olist.size() - 2).isInteger())) { if (context == 0) { @@ -1106,8 +1102,7 @@ QPDFObjectHandle::parseInternal(PointerHolder input, olist.pop_back(); olist.pop_back(); } - else if ((value == "endobj") && - (! (in_array || in_dictionary))) + else if ((value == "endobj") && (state == st_top)) { // We just saw endobj without having read // anything. Treat this as a null and do not move @@ -1153,93 +1148,132 @@ QPDFObjectHandle::parseInternal(PointerHolder input, break; } - if (in_dictionary || in_array) - { - if (! done) - { - olist.push_back(object); - } - } - else if (! object.isInitialized()) - { - warn(context, - QPDFExc(qpdf_e_damaged_pdf, input->getName(), - object_description, - input->getLastOffset(), - "parse error while reading object")); - object = newNull(); - } - else - { - done = true; - } - } - - if (in_array) - { - object = newArray(olist); - } - else if (in_dictionary) - { - // Convert list to map. Alternating elements are keys. Attempt - // to recover more or less gracefully from invalid - // dictionaries. - std::set names; - for (std::vector::iterator iter = olist.begin(); - iter != olist.end(); ++iter) + if ((! object.isInitialized()) && + (! ((state == st_start) || + (state == st_stop) || + (state == st_eof)))) { - if ((! (*iter).isIndirect()) && (*iter).isName()) - { - names.insert((*iter).getName()); - } + throw std::logic_error( + "QPDFObjectHandle::parseInternal: " + "unexpected uninitialized object"); + object = newNull(); } - std::map dict; - int next_fake_key = 1; - for (unsigned int i = 0; i < olist.size(); ++i) + switch (state) { - QPDFObjectHandle key_obj = olist.at(i); - QPDFObjectHandle val; - if (key_obj.isIndirect() || (! key_obj.isName())) + case st_eof: + if (state_stack.size() > 1) { - bool found_fake = false; - std::string candidate; - while (! found_fake) - { - candidate = - "/QPDFFake" + QUtil::int_to_string(next_fake_key++); - found_fake = (names.count(candidate) == 0); - QTC::TC("qpdf", "QPDFObjectHandle found fake", - (found_fake ? 0 : 1)); - } warn(context, - QPDFExc( - qpdf_e_damaged_pdf, - input->getName(), object_description, offset, - "expected dictionary key but found" - " non-name object; inserting key " + - candidate)); - val = key_obj; - key_obj = newName(candidate); + QPDFExc(qpdf_e_damaged_pdf, input->getName(), + object_description, + input->getLastOffset(), + "parse error while reading object")); } - else if (i + 1 >= olist.size()) + done = true; + // Leave object uninitialized to indicate EOF + break; + + case st_dictionary: + case st_array: + olist.push_back(object); + break; + + case st_top: + done = true; + break; + + case st_start: + break; + + case st_stop: + if ((state_stack.size() < 2) || (olist_stack.size() < 2)) { - QTC::TC("qpdf", "QPDFObjectHandle no val for last key"); - warn(context, - QPDFExc( - qpdf_e_damaged_pdf, - input->getName(), object_description, offset, - "dictionary ended prematurely; using null as value" - " for last key")); - val = newNull(); + throw std::logic_error( + "QPDFObjectHandle::parseInternal: st_stop encountered" + " with insufficient elements in stack"); + } + state_e old_state = state_stack.back(); + state_stack.pop_back(); + if (old_state == st_array) + { + object = newArray(olist); + } + else if (old_state == st_dictionary) + { + // Convert list to map. Alternating elements are keys. + // Attempt to recover more or less gracefully from + // invalid dictionaries. + std::set names; + for (std::vector::iterator iter = + olist.begin(); + iter != olist.end(); ++iter) + { + if ((! (*iter).isIndirect()) && (*iter).isName()) + { + names.insert((*iter).getName()); + } + } + + std::map dict; + int next_fake_key = 1; + for (unsigned int i = 0; i < olist.size(); ++i) + { + QPDFObjectHandle key_obj = olist.at(i); + QPDFObjectHandle val; + if (key_obj.isIndirect() || (! key_obj.isName())) + { + bool found_fake = false; + std::string candidate; + while (! found_fake) + { + candidate = + "/QPDFFake" + + QUtil::int_to_string(next_fake_key++); + found_fake = (names.count(candidate) == 0); + QTC::TC("qpdf", "QPDFObjectHandle found fake", + (found_fake ? 0 : 1)); + } + warn(context, + QPDFExc( + qpdf_e_damaged_pdf, + input->getName(), object_description, offset, + "expected dictionary key but found" + " non-name object; inserting key " + + candidate)); + val = key_obj; + key_obj = newName(candidate); + } + else if (i + 1 >= olist.size()) + { + QTC::TC("qpdf", "QPDFObjectHandle no val for last key"); + warn(context, + QPDFExc( + qpdf_e_damaged_pdf, + input->getName(), object_description, offset, + "dictionary ended prematurely; " + "using null as value for last key")); + val = newNull(); + } + else + { + val = olist.at(++i); + } + dict[key_obj.getName()] = val; + } + object = newDictionary(dict); + } + olist_stack.pop_back(); + offset_stack.pop_back(); + if (state_stack.back() == st_top) + { + done = true; } else { - val = olist.at(++i); + olist_stack.back().push_back(object); } - dict[key_obj.getName()] = val; } - object = newDictionary(dict); } return object; diff --git a/qpdf/qtest/qpdf.test b/qpdf/qtest/qpdf.test index 9ecf0005..94e24908 100644 --- a/qpdf/qtest/qpdf.test +++ b/qpdf/qtest/qpdf.test @@ -221,6 +221,7 @@ my @bug_tests = ( ["141a", "/W entry size 0", 2], ["141b", "/W entry size 0", 2], ["143", "self-referential ostream", 3], + ["146", "very deeply nested array", 2], ["149", "xref prev pointer loop", 3], ); $n_tests += scalar(@bug_tests); diff --git a/qpdf/qtest/qpdf/issue-146.out b/qpdf/qtest/qpdf/issue-146.out new file mode 100644 index 00000000..70584f4d --- /dev/null +++ b/qpdf/qtest/qpdf/issue-146.out @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +WARNING: issue-146.pdf: file is damaged +WARNING: issue-146.pdf: can't find startxref +WARNING: issue-146.pdf: Attempting to reconstruct cross-reference table +WARNING: issue-146.pdf (trailer, file position 20728): unknown token while reading object; treating as string +issue-146.pdf (trailer, file position 20732): EOF while reading token diff --git a/qpdf/qtest/qpdf/issue-146.pdf b/qpdf/qtest/qpdf/issue-146.pdf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..557349e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/qpdf/qtest/qpdf/issue-146.pdf @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +%PDF-1.4 0 obj + +1 0 obj +<>0 R>1>> +endobj + +7 0 obj +<> +endo> +endobj 9 +0n +trailer +[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[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