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406 lines
8.7 KiB
C++
406 lines
8.7 KiB
C++
#include <iostream>
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#include <cstring>
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#include <cstdlib>
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#include <functional>
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#include <type_traits>
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#include <cstdint>
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#include <vector>
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#include <map>
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#include <memory>
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#include <regex>
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#ifdef NDEBUG
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// We need assert even in a release build for test code.
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# undef NDEBUG
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#endif
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#include <cassert>
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// Functional programming
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// Function that returns a callable in the form of a lambda
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std::function<int (int)> make_adder(int x)
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{
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return ([=](int a) -> int{ return x + a; });
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}
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void do_functional()
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{
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// Lambda with no capture
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auto simple_lambda = [](int a){ return a + 3; };
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assert(simple_lambda(5) == 8);
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// Capture by value
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int x = 5;
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auto by_value = [x](int a){ return a + x; };
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assert(by_value(1) == 6);
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x = 7; // change not seen by lambda
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assert(by_value(1) == 6);
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// Also >> at end of template
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assert((std::is_convertible<decltype(by_value),
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std::function<int(int)>>::value));
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// Capture by reference
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auto by_reference = [&x](int a){ return a + x; };
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assert(by_reference(1) == 8);
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x = 8; // change seen my lambda
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assert(by_reference(1) == 9);
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// Get a callable from a function
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auto add3 = make_adder(3);
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assert(add3(5) == 8);
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auto make_addr_lambda = [](int a) {
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return [a](int b) { return a + b; };
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};
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assert(make_addr_lambda(6)(8) == 14);
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// nullptr and {} are empty functions
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std::function<void()> f1 = {};
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assert(! f1);
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std::function<void()> f2 = nullptr;
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assert(! f2);
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}
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// Integer types, type traits
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template <typename T>
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void check_size(size_t size, bool is_signed)
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{
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assert(sizeof(T) == size);
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assert(std::is_signed<T>::value == is_signed);
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}
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void do_inttypes()
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{
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// static_assert is a compile-time check
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static_assert(1 == sizeof(int8_t), "int8_t check");
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check_size<int8_t>(1, true);
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check_size<uint8_t>(1, false);
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check_size<int16_t>(2, true);
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check_size<uint16_t>(2, false);
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check_size<int32_t>(4, true);
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check_size<uint32_t>(4, false);
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check_size<int64_t>(8, true);
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check_size<uint64_t>(8, false);
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// auto, decltype
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auto x = 5LL;
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check_size<decltype(x)>(8, true);
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assert((std::is_same<long long, decltype(x)>::value));
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}
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class A
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{
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public:
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static constexpr auto def_value = 5;
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A(int x) :
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x(x)
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{
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}
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// Constructor delegation
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A() : A(def_value)
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{
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}
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int getX() const
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{
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return x;
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}
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private:
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int x;
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};
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void do_iteration()
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{
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// Initializers, foreach syntax, auto for iterators
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std::vector<int> v = { 1, 2, 3, 4 };
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assert(v.size() == 4);
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int sum = 0;
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for (auto& i: v)
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{
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sum += i;
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}
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assert(10 == sum);
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for (auto i = v.begin(); i != v.end(); ++i)
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{
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sum += *i;
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}
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assert(20 == sum);
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std::vector<A> v2 = { A(), A(3) };
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assert(5 == v2.at(0).getX());
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assert(3 == v2.at(1).getX());
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}
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// Variadic template
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template<class A1>
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void variadic1(A1 const& a1)
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{
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assert(a1 == 12);
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}
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template<class A1, class A2>
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void variadic1(A1 const& a1, A2 const& a2)
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{
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assert(a1 == a2);
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}
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template<class ...Args>
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void variadic(Args... args)
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{
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variadic1(args...);
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}
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template<class A>
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bool pairwise_equal(A const& a, A const& b)
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{
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return (a == b);
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}
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template<class T, class ...Rest>
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bool pairwise_equal(T const& a, T const& b, Rest... rest)
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{
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return pairwise_equal(a, b) && pairwise_equal(rest...);
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}
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void do_variadic()
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{
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variadic(15, 15);
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variadic(12);
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assert(pairwise_equal(5, 5, 2.0, 2.0, std::string("a"), std::string("a")));
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assert(! pairwise_equal(5, 5, 2.0, 3.0));
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}
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// deleted, default
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class B
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{
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public:
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B(int x) :
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x(x)
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{
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}
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B() : B(5)
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{
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}
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int getX() const
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{
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return x;
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}
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virtual ~B() = default;
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B(B const&) = delete;
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B& operator=(B const&) = delete;
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private:
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int x;
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};
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void do_default_deleted()
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{
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B b1;
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assert(5 == b1.getX());
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assert(std::is_copy_constructible<A>::value);
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assert(! std::is_copy_constructible<B>::value);
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}
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// smart pointers
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class C
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{
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public:
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C(int id = 0) :
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id(id)
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{
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incr(id);
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}
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~C()
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{
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decr(id);
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}
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C(C const& rhs) : C(rhs.id)
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{
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}
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C& operator=(C const& rhs)
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{
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if (&rhs != this)
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{
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decr(id);
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id = rhs.id;
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incr(id);
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}
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return *this;
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}
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static void check(size_t size, int v, int count)
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{
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assert(m.size() == size);
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auto p = m.find(v);
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if (p != m.end())
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{
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assert(p->second == count);
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}
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}
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private:
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void incr(int i)
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{
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++m[i];
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}
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void decr(int i)
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{
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if (--m[i] == 0)
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{
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m.erase(i);
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}
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}
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static std::map<int, int> m;
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int id;
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};
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std::map<int, int> C::m;
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std::shared_ptr<C> make_c(int id)
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{
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return std::make_shared<C>(id);
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}
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std::shared_ptr<C> make_c_array(std::vector<int> const& is)
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{
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auto p = std::shared_ptr<C>(new C[is.size()], std::default_delete<C[]>());
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C* pp = p.get();
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for (size_t i = 0; i < is.size(); ++i)
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{
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pp[i] = C(is.at(i));
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}
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return p;
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}
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void do_smart_pointers()
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{
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auto p1 = make_c(1);
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C::check(1, 1, 1);
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auto p2 = make_c_array({2, 3, 4, 5});
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for (auto i: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
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{
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C::check(5, i, 1);
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}
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{
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C::check(5, 1, 1);
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C c3(*p1);
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C::check(5, 1, 2);
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}
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C::check(5, 1, 1);
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p1 = nullptr;
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C::check(4, 1, 0);
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p2 = nullptr;
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C::check(0, 0, 0);
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{
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std::unique_ptr<C> p3(new C(6));
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C::check(1, 6, 1);
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}
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C::check(0, 0, 0);
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}
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// Regular expressions
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void do_regex()
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{
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// Basic match/search. Match matches whole string; search searches
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// within string. Use std::smatch for matching std::string and
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// std::cmatch for matching char const*.
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std::regex expr1("([0-9]+)");
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std::regex expr2("([0-9]+)\\s*([a-z]+)[[:space:]]*([0-9]+)");
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std::string str1("one 234 fifth 678 nine");
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std::string str2("234 five 678 nine");
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std::string str3("one 234 five 678");
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std::string str4("234");
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std::string str5("234 five 678");
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std::smatch match1;
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assert(! std::regex_match(str1, match1, expr1));
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assert(! std::regex_match(str2, match1, expr1));
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assert(! std::regex_match(str3, match1, expr1));
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assert(std::regex_match(str4, match1, expr1));
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assert(match1[0].first == match1[1].first);
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assert(match1[0].second == match1[1].second);
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std::string s;
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s.assign(match1[1].first, match1[1].second);
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assert("234" == s);
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assert(s == match1[1].str());
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assert(std::regex_match(str5, match1, expr2));
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assert("234 five 678" == match1[0].str());
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assert("234" == match1[1].str());
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assert("five" == match1[2].str());
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assert("678" == match1[3].str());
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assert(std::regex_search(str1, match1, expr2));
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assert("234 fifth 678" == match1[0].str());
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assert("234" == match1[1].str());
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assert("fifth" == match1[2].str());
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assert("678" == match1[3].str());
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// Iterator
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std::regex expr3("[[:digit:]]+");
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std::string str6 = "asdf234erasdf9453.kgdl423asdf";
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std::sregex_iterator m1(str6.begin(), str6.end(), expr3);
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std::sregex_iterator m2;
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s.clear();
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for (std::sregex_iterator iter = m1; iter != m2; ++iter)
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{
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std::smatch const& match2 = *iter;
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s += match2[0].str() + "|";
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}
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assert("234|9453|423|" == s);
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// Submatches
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std::regex expr4("(?:(asdf)|(qwer))");
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char const* str7 = "0asdf1qwer2";
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std::cregex_iterator m3(str7, str7 + std::strlen(str7), expr4);
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assert("asdf" == (*m3)[0].str());
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assert((*m3)[1].matched);
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assert(! (*m3)[2].matched);
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++m3;
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assert("qwer" == (*m3)[0].str());
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assert(! (*m3)[1].matched);
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assert((*m3)[2].matched);
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}
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static long operator ""_x(char const* v)
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{
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return strtol(v, nullptr, 16);
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}
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static std::string operator ""_y(char const* v, size_t len)
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{
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return "y" + std::string(v, len) + "y";
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}
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void do_user_defined_literals()
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{
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assert(10_x == 16); // operator""_x("10")
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assert("abc"_y == "yabcy"); // operator""_y("abc", 3)
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// Raw literals. Optional matching label before and after ()
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// allows embedding something that looks like the default end
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// delimiter in the string.
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assert(R"(abc)"_y == "yabcy");
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// This construct does not work in MSVC as of version 2019.
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// assert(R"x(a)"bc)x"_y == "ya)\"bcy");
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}
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int main()
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{
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do_functional();
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do_inttypes();
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do_iteration();
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do_variadic();
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do_default_deleted();
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do_smart_pointers();
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do_regex();
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do_user_defined_literals();
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std::cout << "assertions passed\n";
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return 0;
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}
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