package rest import ( "context" "encoding/json" "fmt" "hash" "io" "io/ioutil" "net/http" "net/textproto" "net/url" "path" "strconv" "strings" "golang.org/x/net/context/ctxhttp" "github.com/restic/restic/internal/backend" "github.com/restic/restic/internal/debug" "github.com/restic/restic/internal/errors" "github.com/restic/restic/internal/restic" "github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4" ) // make sure the rest backend implements restic.Backend var _ restic.Backend = &Backend{} // Backend uses the REST protocol to access data stored on a server. type Backend struct { url *url.URL connections uint sem *backend.Semaphore client *http.Client backend.Layout } // the REST API protocol version is decided by HTTP request headers, these are the constants. const ( ContentTypeV1 = "application/vnd.x.restic.rest.v1" ContentTypeV2 = "application/vnd.x.restic.rest.v2" ) // Open opens the REST backend with the given config. func Open(cfg Config, rt http.RoundTripper) (*Backend, error) { client := &http.Client{Transport: rt} sem, err := backend.NewSemaphore(cfg.Connections) if err != nil { return nil, err } // use url without trailing slash for layout url := cfg.URL.String() if url[len(url)-1] == '/' { url = url[:len(url)-1] } be := &Backend{ url: cfg.URL, client: client, Layout: &backend.RESTLayout{URL: url, Join: path.Join}, connections: cfg.Connections, sem: sem, } return be, nil } // Create creates a new REST on server configured in config. func Create(ctx context.Context, cfg Config, rt http.RoundTripper) (*Backend, error) { be, err := Open(cfg, rt) if err != nil { return nil, err } _, err = be.Stat(ctx, restic.Handle{Type: restic.ConfigFile}) if err == nil { return nil, errors.Fatal("config file already exists") } url := *cfg.URL values := url.Query() values.Set("create", "true") url.RawQuery = values.Encode() resp, err := be.client.Post(url.String(), "binary/octet-stream", strings.NewReader("")) if err != nil { return nil, err } if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK { return nil, errors.Fatalf("server response unexpected: %v (%v)", resp.Status, resp.StatusCode) } _, err = io.Copy(ioutil.Discard, resp.Body) if err != nil { return nil, err } err = resp.Body.Close() if err != nil { return nil, err } return be, nil } func (b *Backend) Connections() uint { return b.connections } // Location returns this backend's location (the server's URL). func (b *Backend) Location() string { return b.url.String() } // Hasher may return a hash function for calculating a content hash for the backend func (b *Backend) Hasher() hash.Hash { return nil } // HasAtomicReplace returns whether Save() can atomically replace files func (b *Backend) HasAtomicReplace() bool { // rest-server prevents overwriting return false } // Save stores data in the backend at the handle. func (b *Backend) Save(ctx context.Context, h restic.Handle, rd restic.RewindReader) error { if err := h.Valid(); err != nil { return backoff.Permanent(err) } ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx) defer cancel() // make sure that client.Post() cannot close the reader by wrapping it req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, b.Filename(h), ioutil.NopCloser(rd)) if err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "NewRequest") } req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream") req.Header.Set("Accept", ContentTypeV2) // explicitly set the content length, this prevents chunked encoding and // let's the server know what's coming. req.ContentLength = rd.Length() b.sem.GetToken() resp, err := ctxhttp.Do(ctx, b.client, req) b.sem.ReleaseToken() var cerr error if resp != nil { _, _ = io.Copy(ioutil.Discard, resp.Body) cerr = resp.Body.Close() } if err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "client.Post") } if resp.StatusCode != 200 { return errors.Errorf("server response unexpected: %v (%v)", resp.Status, resp.StatusCode) } return errors.Wrap(cerr, "Close") } // ErrIsNotExist is returned whenever the requested file does not exist on the // server. type ErrIsNotExist struct { restic.Handle } func (e ErrIsNotExist) Error() string { return fmt.Sprintf("%v does not exist", e.Handle) } // IsNotExist returns true if the error was caused by a non-existing file. func (b *Backend) IsNotExist(err error) bool { err = errors.Cause(err) _, ok := err.(ErrIsNotExist) return ok } // Load runs fn with a reader that yields the contents of the file at h at the // given offset. func (b *Backend) Load(ctx context.Context, h restic.Handle, length int, offset int64, fn func(rd io.Reader) error) error { r, err := b.openReader(ctx, h, length, offset) if err != nil { return err } err = fn(r) if err != nil { _ = r.Close() // ignore error here return err } // Note: readerat.ReadAt() (the fn) uses io.ReadFull() that doesn't // wait for EOF after reading body. Due to HTTP/2 stream multiplexing // and goroutine timings the EOF frame arrives from server (eg. rclone) // with a delay after reading body. Immediate close might trigger // HTTP/2 stream reset resulting in the *stream closed* error on server, // so we wait for EOF before closing body. var buf [1]byte _, err = r.Read(buf[:]) if err == io.EOF { err = nil } if e := r.Close(); err == nil { err = e } return err } // checkContentLength returns an error if the server returned a value in the // Content-Length header in an HTTP2 connection, but closed the connection // before any data was sent. // // This is a workaround for https://github.com/golang/go/issues/46071 // // See also https://forum.restic.net/t/http2-stream-closed-connection-reset-context-canceled/3743/10 func checkContentLength(resp *http.Response) error { // the following code is based on // https://github.com/golang/go/blob/b7a85e0003cedb1b48a1fd3ae5b746ec6330102e/src/net/http/h2_bundle.go#L8646 if resp.ContentLength != 0 { return nil } if resp.ProtoMajor != 2 && resp.ProtoMinor != 0 { return nil } if len(resp.Header[textproto.CanonicalMIMEHeaderKey("Content-Length")]) != 1 { return nil } // make sure that if the server returned a content length and we can // parse it, it is really zero, otherwise return an error contentLength := resp.Header.Get("Content-Length") cl, err := strconv.ParseUint(contentLength, 10, 63) if err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("unable to parse Content-Length %q: %w", contentLength, err) } if cl != 0 { return errors.Errorf("unexpected EOF: got 0 instead of %v bytes", cl) } return nil } func (b *Backend) openReader(ctx context.Context, h restic.Handle, length int, offset int64) (io.ReadCloser, error) { debug.Log("Load %v, length %v, offset %v", h, length, offset) if err := h.Valid(); err != nil { return nil, backoff.Permanent(err) } if offset < 0 { return nil, errors.New("offset is negative") } if length < 0 { return nil, errors.Errorf("invalid length %d", length) } req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", b.Filename(h), nil) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "http.NewRequest") } byteRange := fmt.Sprintf("bytes=%d-", offset) if length > 0 { byteRange = fmt.Sprintf("bytes=%d-%d", offset, offset+int64(length)-1) } req.Header.Set("Range", byteRange) req.Header.Set("Accept", ContentTypeV2) debug.Log("Load(%v) send range %v", h, byteRange) b.sem.GetToken() resp, err := ctxhttp.Do(ctx, b.client, req) b.sem.ReleaseToken() if err != nil { if resp != nil { _, _ = io.Copy(ioutil.Discard, resp.Body) _ = resp.Body.Close() } return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "client.Do") } if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusNotFound { _ = resp.Body.Close() return nil, ErrIsNotExist{h} } if resp.StatusCode != 200 && resp.StatusCode != 206 { _ = resp.Body.Close() return nil, errors.Errorf("unexpected HTTP response (%v): %v", resp.StatusCode, resp.Status) } // workaround https://github.com/golang/go/issues/46071 // see also https://forum.restic.net/t/http2-stream-closed-connection-reset-context-canceled/3743/10 err = checkContentLength(resp) if err != nil { _ = resp.Body.Close() return nil, err } return resp.Body, nil } // Stat returns information about a blob. func (b *Backend) Stat(ctx context.Context, h restic.Handle) (restic.FileInfo, error) { if err := h.Valid(); err != nil { return restic.FileInfo{}, backoff.Permanent(err) } req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodHead, b.Filename(h), nil) if err != nil { return restic.FileInfo{}, errors.Wrap(err, "NewRequest") } req.Header.Set("Accept", ContentTypeV2) b.sem.GetToken() resp, err := ctxhttp.Do(ctx, b.client, req) b.sem.ReleaseToken() if err != nil { return restic.FileInfo{}, errors.Wrap(err, "client.Head") } _, _ = io.Copy(ioutil.Discard, resp.Body) if err = resp.Body.Close(); err != nil { return restic.FileInfo{}, errors.Wrap(err, "Close") } if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusNotFound { _ = resp.Body.Close() return restic.FileInfo{}, ErrIsNotExist{h} } if resp.StatusCode != 200 { return restic.FileInfo{}, errors.Errorf("unexpected HTTP response (%v): %v", resp.StatusCode, resp.Status) } if resp.ContentLength < 0 { return restic.FileInfo{}, errors.New("negative content length") } bi := restic.FileInfo{ Size: resp.ContentLength, Name: h.Name, } return bi, nil } // Test returns true if a blob of the given type and name exists in the backend. func (b *Backend) Test(ctx context.Context, h restic.Handle) (bool, error) { _, err := b.Stat(ctx, h) if err != nil { return false, nil } return true, nil } // Remove removes the blob with the given name and type. func (b *Backend) Remove(ctx context.Context, h restic.Handle) error { if err := h.Valid(); err != nil { return backoff.Permanent(err) } req, err := http.NewRequest("DELETE", b.Filename(h), nil) if err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "http.NewRequest") } req.Header.Set("Accept", ContentTypeV2) b.sem.GetToken() resp, err := ctxhttp.Do(ctx, b.client, req) b.sem.ReleaseToken() if err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "client.Do") } if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusNotFound { _ = resp.Body.Close() return ErrIsNotExist{h} } if resp.StatusCode != 200 { return errors.Errorf("blob not removed, server response: %v (%v)", resp.Status, resp.StatusCode) } _, err = io.Copy(ioutil.Discard, resp.Body) if err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "Copy") } return errors.Wrap(resp.Body.Close(), "Close") } // List runs fn for each file in the backend which has the type t. When an // error occurs (or fn returns an error), List stops and returns it. func (b *Backend) List(ctx context.Context, t restic.FileType, fn func(restic.FileInfo) error) error { url := b.Dirname(restic.Handle{Type: t}) if !strings.HasSuffix(url, "/") { url += "/" } req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, url, nil) if err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "NewRequest") } req.Header.Set("Accept", ContentTypeV2) b.sem.GetToken() resp, err := ctxhttp.Do(ctx, b.client, req) b.sem.ReleaseToken() if err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "List") } if resp.StatusCode != 200 { return errors.Errorf("List failed, server response: %v (%v)", resp.Status, resp.StatusCode) } if resp.Header.Get("Content-Type") == ContentTypeV2 { return b.listv2(ctx, t, resp, fn) } return b.listv1(ctx, t, resp, fn) } // listv1 uses the REST protocol v1, where a list HTTP request (e.g. `GET // /data/`) only returns the names of the files, so we need to issue an HTTP // HEAD request for each file. func (b *Backend) listv1(ctx context.Context, t restic.FileType, resp *http.Response, fn func(restic.FileInfo) error) error { debug.Log("parsing API v1 response") dec := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body) var list []string if err := dec.Decode(&list); err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "Decode") } for _, m := range list { fi, err := b.Stat(ctx, restic.Handle{Name: m, Type: t}) if err != nil { return err } if ctx.Err() != nil { return ctx.Err() } fi.Name = m err = fn(fi) if err != nil { return err } if ctx.Err() != nil { return ctx.Err() } } return ctx.Err() } // listv2 uses the REST protocol v2, where a list HTTP request (e.g. `GET // /data/`) returns the names and sizes of all files. func (b *Backend) listv2(ctx context.Context, t restic.FileType, resp *http.Response, fn func(restic.FileInfo) error) error { debug.Log("parsing API v2 response") dec := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body) var list []struct { Name string `json:"name"` Size int64 `json:"size"` } if err := dec.Decode(&list); err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "Decode") } for _, item := range list { if ctx.Err() != nil { return ctx.Err() } fi := restic.FileInfo{ Name: item.Name, Size: item.Size, } err := fn(fi) if err != nil { return err } if ctx.Err() != nil { return ctx.Err() } } return ctx.Err() } // Close closes all open files. func (b *Backend) Close() error { // this does not need to do anything, all open files are closed within the // same function. return nil } // Remove keys for a specified backend type. func (b *Backend) removeKeys(ctx context.Context, t restic.FileType) error { return b.List(ctx, t, func(fi restic.FileInfo) error { return b.Remove(ctx, restic.Handle{Type: t, Name: fi.Name}) }) } // Delete removes all data in the backend. func (b *Backend) Delete(ctx context.Context) error { alltypes := []restic.FileType{ restic.PackFile, restic.KeyFile, restic.LockFile, restic.SnapshotFile, restic.IndexFile} for _, t := range alltypes { err := b.removeKeys(ctx, t) if err != nil { return nil } } err := b.Remove(ctx, restic.Handle{Type: restic.ConfigFile}) if err != nil && b.IsNotExist(err) { return nil } return err }