restic/doc/050_restore.rst

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#####################
Restoring from backup
#####################
Restoring from a snapshot
=========================
Restoring a snapshot is as easy as it sounds, just use the following
command to restore the contents of the latest snapshot to
``/tmp/restore-work``:
.. code-block:: console
$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo restore 79766175 --target /tmp/restore-work
enter password for repository:
restoring <Snapshot of [/home/user/work] at 2015-05-08 21:40:19.884408621 +0200 CEST> to /tmp/restore-work
Use the word ``latest`` to restore the last backup. You can also combine
``latest`` with the ``--host`` and ``--path`` filters to choose the last
backup for a specific host, path or both.
.. code-block:: console
$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo restore latest --target /tmp/restore-art --path "/home/art" --host luigi
enter password for repository:
restoring <Snapshot of [/home/art] at 2015-05-08 21:45:17.884408621 +0200 CEST> to /tmp/restore-art
Use ``--exclude`` and ``--include`` to restrict the restore to a subset of
files in the snapshot. For example, to restore a single file:
.. code-block:: console
$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo restore 79766175 --target /tmp/restore-work --include /work/foo
enter password for repository:
restoring <Snapshot of [/home/user/work] at 2015-05-08 21:40:19.884408621 +0200 CEST> to /tmp/restore-work
This will restore the file ``foo`` to ``/tmp/restore-work/work/foo``.
You can use the command ``restic ls latest`` or ``restic find foo`` to find the
path to the file within the snapshot. This path you can then pass to
``--include`` in verbatim to only restore the single file or directory.
There are case insensitive variants of ``--exclude`` and ``--include`` called
``--iexclude`` and ``--iinclude``. These options will behave the same way but
ignore the casing of paths.
Restore using mount
===================
Browsing your backup as a regular file system is also very easy. First,
create a mount point such as ``/mnt/restic`` and then use the following
command to serve the repository with FUSE:
.. code-block:: console
$ mkdir /mnt/restic
$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo mount /mnt/restic
enter password for repository:
Now serving /srv/restic-repo at /mnt/restic
Use another terminal or tool to browse the contents of this folder.
When finished, quit with Ctrl-c here or umount the mountpoint.
Mounting repositories via FUSE is only possible on Linux, macOS and FreeBSD.
On Linux, the ``fuse`` kernel module needs to be loaded and the ``fusermount``
command needs to be in the ``PATH``. On macOS, you need `FUSE for macOS
<https://osxfuse.github.io/>`__. On FreeBSD, you may need to install FUSE
and load the kernel module (``kldload fuse``).
Restic supports storage and preservation of hard links. However, since
hard links exist in the scope of a filesystem by definition, restoring
hard links from a fuse mount should be done by a program that preserves
hard links. A program that does so is ``rsync``, used with the option
--hard-links.
Printing files to stdout
========================
Sometimes it's helpful to print files to stdout so that other programs can read
the data directly. This can be achieved by using the `dump` command, like this:
.. code-block:: console
$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo dump latest production.sql | mysql
If you have saved multiple different things into the same repo, the ``latest``
snapshot may not be the right one. For example, consider the following
snapshots in a repository:
.. code-block:: console
$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo snapshots
ID Date Host Tags Directory
----------------------------------------------------------------------
562bfc5e 2018-07-14 20:18:01 mopped /home/user/file1
bbacb625 2018-07-14 20:18:07 mopped /home/other/work
e922c858 2018-07-14 20:18:10 mopped /home/other/work
098db9d5 2018-07-14 20:18:13 mopped /production.sql
b62f46ec 2018-07-14 20:18:16 mopped /home/user/file1
1541acae 2018-07-14 20:18:18 mopped /home/other/work
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Here, restic would resolve ``latest`` to the snapshot ``1541acae``, which does
not contain the file we'd like to print at all (``production.sql``). In this
case, you can pass restic the snapshot ID of the snapshot you like to restore:
.. code-block:: console
$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo dump 098db9d5 production.sql | mysql
Or you can pass restic a path that should be used for selecting the latest
snapshot. The path must match the patch printed in the "Directory" column,
e.g.:
.. code-block:: console
$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo dump --path /production.sql latest production.sql | mysql
It is also possible to ``dump`` the contents of a whole folder structure to
stdout. To retain the information about the files and folders Restic will
output the contents in the tar (default) or zip format:
.. code-block:: console
$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo dump latest /home/other/work > restore.tar
.. code-block:: console
$ restic -r /srv/restic-repo dump -a zip latest /home/other/work > restore.zip