# s3fs

s3fs allows Linux, macOS, and FreeBSD to mount an S3 bucket via [FUSE(Filesystem in Userspace)](https://github.com/libfuse/libfuse).  
s3fs makes you operate files and directories in S3 bucket like a local file system.  
s3fs preserves the native object format for files, allowing use of other tools like [AWS CLI](https://github.com/aws/aws-cli).  

[![s3fs-fuse CI](https://github.com/s3fs-fuse/s3fs-fuse/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/s3fs-fuse/s3fs-fuse/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
[![Twitter Follow](https://img.shields.io/twitter/follow/s3fsfuse.svg?style=social&label=Follow)](https://twitter.com/s3fsfuse)

![s3fs-fuse](https://github.com/ggtakec/s3fs-fuse-images/blob/master/images/s3fslogo.png)

## Features

* large subset of POSIX including reading/writing files, directories, symlinks, mode, uid/gid, and extended attributes
* compatible with Amazon S3, and other [S3-based object stores](https://github.com/s3fs-fuse/s3fs-fuse/wiki/Non-Amazon-S3)
* allows random writes and appends
* large files via multi-part upload
* renames via server-side copy
* optional server-side encryption
* data integrity via MD5 hashes
* in-memory metadata caching
* local disk data caching
* user-specified regions, including Amazon GovCloud
* authenticate via v2 or v4 signatures

## Installation

Many systems provide pre-built packages:

* Amazon Linux via EPEL:

  ```
  sudo amazon-linux-extras install epel
  sudo yum install s3fs-fuse
  ```

* Arch Linux:

  ```
  sudo pacman -S s3fs-fuse
  ```

* Debian 9 and Ubuntu 16.04 or newer:

  ```
  sudo apt install s3fs
  ```

* Fedora 27 or newer:

  ```
  sudo dnf install s3fs-fuse
  ```

* Gentoo:

  ```
  sudo emerge net-fs/s3fs
  ```

* RHEL and CentOS 7 or newer via EPEL:

  ```
  sudo yum install epel-release
  sudo yum install s3fs-fuse
  ```

* SUSE 12 and openSUSE 42.1 or newer:

  ```
  sudo zypper install s3fs
  ```

* macOS 10.12 and newer via [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/):

  ```
  brew install --cask macfuse
  brew install gromgit/fuse/s3fs-mac
  ```

* FreeBSD:

  ```
  pkg install fusefs-s3fs
  ```

* Windows:

  Windows has its own install, seening in [this link](COMPILATION.md)

Otherwise consult the [compilation instructions](COMPILATION.md).

## Examples

s3fs supports the standard
[AWS credentials file](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-config-files.html)
stored in `${HOME}/.aws/credentials`.  Alternatively, s3fs supports a custom passwd file.
Finally s3fs recognizes the `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`, `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`, and `AWS_SESSION_TOKEN`
environment variables.

The default location for the s3fs password file can be created:

* using a `.passwd-s3fs` file in the users home directory (i.e. `${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs`)
* using the system-wide `/etc/passwd-s3fs` file

Enter your credentials in a file `${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs` and set
owner-only permissions:

```
echo ACCESS_KEY_ID:SECRET_ACCESS_KEY > ${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs
chmod 600 ${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs
```

Run s3fs with an existing bucket `mybucket` and directory `/path/to/mountpoint`:

```
s3fs mybucket /path/to/mountpoint -o passwd_file=${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs
```

If you encounter any errors, enable debug output:

```
s3fs mybucket /path/to/mountpoint -o passwd_file=${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs -o dbglevel=info -f -o curldbg
```

You can also mount on boot by entering the following line to `/etc/fstab`:

```
mybucket /path/to/mountpoint fuse.s3fs _netdev,allow_other 0 0
```

If you use s3fs with a non-Amazon S3 implementation, specify the URL and path-style requests:

```
s3fs mybucket /path/to/mountpoint -o passwd_file=${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs -o url=https://url.to.s3/ -o use_path_request_style
```

or(fstab)

```
mybucket /path/to/mountpoint fuse.s3fs _netdev,allow_other,use_path_request_style,url=https://url.to.s3/ 0 0
```

Note: You may also want to create the global credential file first

```
echo ACCESS_KEY_ID:SECRET_ACCESS_KEY > /etc/passwd-s3fs
chmod 600 /etc/passwd-s3fs
```

Note2: You may also need to make sure `netfs` service is start on boot

## Limitations

Generally S3 cannot offer the same performance or semantics as a local file system.  More specifically:

* random writes or appends to files require rewriting the entire object, optimized with multi-part upload copy
* metadata operations such as listing directories have poor performance due to network latency
* non-AWS providers may have [eventual consistency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eventual_consistency) so reads can temporarily yield stale data (AWS offers read-after-write consistency [since Dec 2020](https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2020/12/amazon-s3-now-delivers-strong-read-after-write-consistency-automatically-for-all-applications/))
* no atomic renames of files or directories
* no coordination between multiple clients mounting the same bucket
* no hard links
* inotify detects only local modifications, not external ones by other clients or tools

## References

* [CSI for S3](https://github.com/ctrox/csi-s3) - Kubernetes CSI driver
* [docker-s3fs-client](https://github.com/efrecon/docker-s3fs-client) - Docker image containing s3fs
* [goofys](https://github.com/kahing/goofys) - similar to s3fs but has better performance and less POSIX compatibility
* [s3backer](https://github.com/archiecobbs/s3backer) - mount an S3 bucket as a single file
* [S3Proxy](https://github.com/gaul/s3proxy) - combine with s3fs to mount Backblaze B2, EMC Atmos, Microsoft Azure, and OpenStack Swift buckets
* [s3ql](https://github.com/s3ql/s3ql/) - similar to s3fs but uses its own object format
* [YAS3FS](https://github.com/danilop/yas3fs) - similar to s3fs but uses SNS to allow multiple clients to mount a bucket

## Frequently Asked Questions

* [FAQ wiki page](https://github.com/s3fs-fuse/s3fs-fuse/wiki/FAQ)
* [s3fs on Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/s3fs)
* [s3fs on Server Fault](https://serverfault.com/questions/tagged/s3fs)

## License

Copyright (C) 2010 Randy Rizun <rrizun@gmail.com>

Licensed under the GNU GPL version 2