2.7 KiB
Command line flags
A more in-depth discussion of various gh-ost command line flags: implementation, implication, use cases.
conf
--conf=/path/to/my.cnf: file where credentials are specified. Should be in (or contain) the following format:
[client]
user=gromit
password=123456
cut-over
Required. You are asked to explicitly state which cut-over algorithm you wish to use. Please see more discussion on cut-over
exact-rowcount
A gh-ost execution need to copy whatever rows you have in your existing table onto the ghost table. This can, and often be, a large number. Exactly what that number is?
gh-ost initially estimates the number of rows in your table by issuing an explain select * from your_table. This will use statistics on your table and return with a rough estimate. How rough? It might go as low as half or as high as double the actual number of rows in your table. This is the same method as used in pt-online-schema-change.
gh-ost also supports the --exact-rowcount flag. When this flag is given, two things happen:
- An initial, authoritative
select count(*) from your_table. This query may take a long time to complete, but is performed before we begin the massive operations. - A continuous update to the estimate as we make progress applying events. We heuristically update the number of rows based on the queries we process from the binlogs.
While the ongoing estimated number of rows is still heuristic, it's almost exact, such that the reported ETA or percentage progress is typically accurate to the second throughout a multiple-hour operation.
execute
Without this parameter, migration is a noop: testing table creation and validity of migration, but not touching data.
initially-drop-ghost-table
gh-ost maintains two tables while migrating: the ghost table (which is synced from your original table and finally replaces it) and a changelog table, which is used internally for bookkeeping. By default, it panics and aborts if it sees those tables upon startup. Provide --initially-drop-ghost-table and --initially-drop-old-table to let gh-ost know it's OK to drop them beforehand.
We think gh-ost should not take chances or make assumptions about the user's tables. Dropping tables can be a dangerous, locking operation. We let the user explicitly approve such operations.
initially-drop-old-table
See #initially-drop-ghost-table
test-on-replica
Issue the migration on a replica; do not modify data on master. Useful for validating, testing and benchmarking. See test-on-replica