mirror of
https://github.com/octoleo/restic.git
synced 2024-12-25 04:05:58 +00:00
302 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
302 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
# Azure SDK for Go
|
|
|
|
[](https://godoc.org/github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go)
|
|
[](https://travis-ci.org/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go)
|
|
[](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go)
|
|
|
|
azure-sdk-for-go provides Go packages for managing and using Azure services. It has been
|
|
tested with Go 1.8, 1.9 and 1.10.
|
|
|
|
To be notified about updates and changes, subscribe to the [Azure update
|
|
feed](https://azure.microsoft.com/updates/).
|
|
|
|
Users of the SDK may prefer to jump right in to our samples repo at
|
|
[github.com/Azure-Samples/azure-sdk-for-go-samples][samples_repo].
|
|
|
|
### Build Details
|
|
|
|
Most packages in the SDK are generated from [Azure API specs][azure_rest_specs]
|
|
using [Azure/autorest.go][] and [Azure/autorest][]. These generated packages
|
|
depend on the HTTP client implemented at [Azure/go-autorest][].
|
|
|
|
[azure_rest_specs]: https://github.com/Azure/azure-rest-api-specs
|
|
[Azure/autorest]: https://github.com/Azure/autorest
|
|
[Azure/autorest.go]: https://github.com/Azure/autorest.go
|
|
[Azure/go-autorest]: https://github.com/Azure/go-autorest
|
|
|
|
The SDK codebase adheres to [semantic versioning](https://semver.org) and thus
|
|
avoids breaking changes other than at major (x.0.0) releases. However,
|
|
occasionally Azure API fixes require breaking updates within an individual
|
|
package; these exceptions are noted in release changelogs.
|
|
|
|
To more reliably manage dependencies like the Azure SDK in your applications we
|
|
recommend [golang/dep](https://github.com/golang/dep).
|
|
|
|
# Install and Use:
|
|
|
|
### Install
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ go get -u github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/...
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
or if you use dep, within your repo run:
|
|
|
|
```sh
|
|
$ dep ensure -add github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
If you need to install Go, follow [the official instructions](https://golang.org/dl/).
|
|
|
|
### Use
|
|
|
|
For complete examples of many scenarios see [Azure-Samples/azure-sdk-for-go-samples][samples_repo].
|
|
|
|
1. Import a package from the [services][services_dir] directory.
|
|
2. Create and authenticate a client with a `New*Client` func, e.g.
|
|
`c := compute.NewVirtualMachinesClient(...)`.
|
|
3. Invoke API methods using the client, e.g. `c.CreateOrUpdate(...)`.
|
|
4. Handle responses.
|
|
|
|
[services_dir]: https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/tree/master/services
|
|
|
|
For example, to create a new virtual network (substitute your own values for
|
|
strings in angle brackets):
|
|
|
|
Note: For more on authentication and the `Authorizer` interface see [the next
|
|
section](#authentication).
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
package main
|
|
|
|
import (
|
|
"context"
|
|
"github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/services/network/mgmt/2017-09-01/network"
|
|
"github.com/Azure/go-autorest/autorest/azure/auth"
|
|
"github.com/Azure/go-autorest/autorest/to"
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
func main() {
|
|
vnetClient := network.NewVirtualNetworksClient("<subscriptionID>")
|
|
authorizer, err := auth.NewAuthorizerFromEnvironment()
|
|
|
|
if err == nil {
|
|
vnetClient.Authorizer = authorizer
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
vnetClient.CreateOrUpdate(context.Background(),
|
|
"<resourceGroupName>",
|
|
"<vnetName>",
|
|
network.VirtualNetwork{
|
|
Location: to.StringPtr("<azureRegion>"),
|
|
VirtualNetworkPropertiesFormat: &network.VirtualNetworkPropertiesFormat{
|
|
AddressSpace: &network.AddressSpace{
|
|
AddressPrefixes: &[]string{"10.0.0.0/8"},
|
|
},
|
|
Subnets: &[]network.Subnet{
|
|
{
|
|
Name: to.StringPtr("<subnet1Name>"),
|
|
SubnetPropertiesFormat: &network.SubnetPropertiesFormat{
|
|
AddressPrefix: to.StringPtr("10.0.0.0/16"),
|
|
},
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
Name: to.StringPtr("<subnet2Name>"),
|
|
SubnetPropertiesFormat: &network.SubnetPropertiesFormat{
|
|
AddressPrefix: to.StringPtr("10.1.0.0/16"),
|
|
},
|
|
},
|
|
},
|
|
},
|
|
})
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Authentication
|
|
|
|
Most SDK operations require an OAuth token for authentication and authorization. These are
|
|
made available in the Go SDK For Azure through types implementing the `Authorizer` interface.
|
|
You can get one from Azure Active Directory using the SDK's
|
|
[authentication](https://godoc.org/github.com/Azure/go-autorest/autorest/azure/auth) package. The `Authorizer` returned should
|
|
be set as the authorizer for the resource client, as shown in the [previous section](#use).
|
|
|
|
You can get an authorizer in the following ways:
|
|
1. From the **Environment**:
|
|
- Use `auth.auth.NewAuthorizerFromEnvironment()`. This call will try to get an authorizer based on the environment
|
|
variables with different types of credentials in the following order:
|
|
1. **Client Credentials**: Uses the AAD App Secret for auth.
|
|
- `AZURE_TENANT_ID`: Specifies the Tenant to which to authenticate.
|
|
- `AZURE_CLIENT_ID`: Specifies the app client ID to use.
|
|
- `AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET`: Specifies the app secret to use.
|
|
2. **Client Certificate**: Uses a certificate that was configured on the AAD Service Principal.
|
|
- `AZURE_TENANT_ID`: Specifies the Tenant to which to authenticate.
|
|
- `AZURE_CLIENT_ID`: Specifies the app client ID to use.
|
|
- `AZURE_CERTIFICATE_PATH`: Specifies the certificate Path to use.
|
|
- `AZURE_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD`: Specifies the certificate password to use.
|
|
3. **Username Pasword**: Uses a username and a password for auth. This is not recommended. Use `Device Flow` Auth instead for user interactive acccess.
|
|
- `AZURE_TENANT_ID`: Specifies the Tenant to which to authenticate.
|
|
- `AZURE_CLIENT_ID`: Specifies the app client ID to use.
|
|
- `AZURE_USERNAME`: Specifies the username to use.
|
|
- `AZURE_PASSWORD`: Specifies the password to use.
|
|
4. **MSI**: Only available for apps running in Azure. No configuration needed as it leverages the fact that the app is running in Azure. See [Azure Managed Service Identity](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/msi-overview).
|
|
|
|
- Optionally, the following environment variables can be defined:
|
|
- `AZURE_ENVIRONMENT`: Specifies the Azure Environment to use. If not set, it defaults to `AzurePublicCloud`. (Not applicable to MSI based auth)
|
|
- `AZURE_AD_RESOURCE`: Specifies the AAD resource ID to use. If not set, it defaults to `ResourceManagerEndpoint`which allows management operations against Azure Resource Manager.
|
|
|
|
2. From an **Auth File**:
|
|
- Create a service principal and output the file content using `az ad sp create-for-rbac --sdk-auth` from the Azure CLI.For more details see [az ad sp](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cli/azure/ad/sp).
|
|
- Set environment variable `AZURE_AUTH_LOCATION` for finding the file.
|
|
- Use `auth.NewAuthorizerFromFile()` for getting the `Authorizer` based on the auth file.
|
|
|
|
3. From **Device Flow** by configuring `auth.DeviceFlowConfig` and calling the `Authorizer()` method.
|
|
|
|
Note: To authenticate you first need to create a service principal in Azure. To create a new service principal, run
|
|
`az ad sp create-for-rbac -n "<app_name>"` in the
|
|
[azure-cli](https://github.com/Azure/azure-cli). See
|
|
[these docs](https://docs.microsoft.com/cli/azure/create-an-azure-service-principal-azure-cli?view=azure-cli-latest)
|
|
for more info. Copy the new principal's ID, secret, and tenant ID for use in your app.
|
|
|
|
Alternatively, if your apps are running in Azure, you can now leverage the [Managed Service Identity](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/msi-overview).
|
|
|
|
# Versioning
|
|
|
|
azure-sdk-for-go provides at least a basic Go binding for every Azure API. To
|
|
provide maximum flexibility to users, the SDK even includes previous versions of
|
|
Azure APIs which are still in use. This enables us to support users of the
|
|
most updated Azure datacenters, regional datacenters with earlier APIs, and
|
|
even on-premises installations of Azure Stack.
|
|
|
|
**SDK versions** apply globally and are tracked by git
|
|
[tags](https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/tags). These are in x.y.z form
|
|
and generally adhere to [semantic versioning](https://semver.org) specifications.
|
|
|
|
**Service API versions** are generally represented by a date string and are
|
|
tracked by offering separate packages for each version. For example, to choose the
|
|
latest API versions for Compute and Network, use the following imports:
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
import (
|
|
"github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/services/compute/mgmt/2017-12-01/compute"
|
|
"github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/services/network/mgmt/2017-09-01/network"
|
|
)
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Occasionally service-side changes require major changes to existing versions.
|
|
These cases are noted in the changelog.
|
|
|
|
All avilable services and versions are listed under the `services/` path in
|
|
this repo and in [GoDoc][services_godoc]. Run `find ./services -type d
|
|
-mindepth 3` to list all available service packages.
|
|
|
|
[services_godoc]: https://godoc.org/github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/services
|
|
|
|
### Profiles
|
|
|
|
Azure **API profiles** specify subsets of Azure APIs and versions. Profiles can provide:
|
|
|
|
* **stability** for your application by locking to specific API versions; and/or
|
|
* **compatibility** for your application with Azure Stack and regional Azure datacenters.
|
|
|
|
In the Go SDK, profiles are available under the `profiles/` path and their
|
|
component API versions are aliases to the true service package under
|
|
`services/`. You can use them as follows:
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
import "github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/profiles/2017-03-09/compute/mgmt/compute"
|
|
import "github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/profiles/2017-03-09/network/mgmt/network"
|
|
import "github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/profiles/2017-03-09/storage/mgmt/storage"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
The 2017-03-09 profile is the only one currently available and is for use in
|
|
hybrid Azure and Azure Stack environments. More profiles are under development.
|
|
|
|
In addition to versioned profiles, we also provide two special profiles
|
|
`latest` and `preview`. These *always* include the most recent respective stable or
|
|
preview API versions for each service, even when updating them to do so causes
|
|
breaking changes. That is, these do *not* adhere to semantic versioning rules.
|
|
|
|
The `latest` and `preview` profiles can help you stay up to date with API
|
|
updates as you build applications. Since they are by definition not stable,
|
|
however, they **should not** be used in production apps. Instead, choose the
|
|
latest specific API version (or an older one if necessary) from the `services/`
|
|
path.
|
|
|
|
As an example, to automatically use the most recent Compute APIs, use one of
|
|
the following imports:
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
import "github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/profiles/latest/compute/mgmt/compute"
|
|
import "github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/profiles/preview/compute/mgmt/compute"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Inspecting and Debugging
|
|
|
|
All clients implement some handy hooks to help inspect the underlying requests being made to Azure.
|
|
|
|
- `RequestInspector`: View and manipulate the go `http.Request` before it's sent
|
|
- `ResponseInspector`: View the `http.Response` received
|
|
|
|
Here is an example of how these can be used with `net/http/httputil` to see requests and responses.
|
|
|
|
```go
|
|
|
|
vnetClient := network.NewVirtualNetworksClient("<subscriptionID>")
|
|
vnetClient.RequestInspector = LogRequest()
|
|
vnetClient.ResponseInspector = LogResponse()
|
|
|
|
...
|
|
|
|
func LogRequest() autorest.PrepareDecorator {
|
|
return func(p autorest.Preparer) autorest.Preparer {
|
|
return autorest.PreparerFunc(func(r *http.Request) (*http.Request, error) {
|
|
r, err := p.Prepare(r)
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
log.Println(err)
|
|
}
|
|
dump, _ := httputil.DumpRequestOut(r, true)
|
|
log.Println(string(dump))
|
|
return r, err
|
|
})
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
func LogResponse() autorest.RespondDecorator {
|
|
return func(p autorest.Responder) autorest.Responder {
|
|
return autorest.ResponderFunc(func(r *http.Response) error {
|
|
err := p.Respond(r)
|
|
if err != nil {
|
|
log.Println(err)
|
|
}
|
|
dump, _ := httputil.DumpResponse(r, true)
|
|
log.Println(string(dump))
|
|
return err
|
|
})
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
# Resources
|
|
|
|
- SDK docs are at [godoc.org](https://godoc.org/github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/).
|
|
- SDK samples are at [Azure-Samples/azure-sdk-for-go-samples](https://github.com/Azure-Samples/azure-sdk-for-go-samples).
|
|
- SDK notifications are published via the [Azure update feed](https://azure.microsoft.com/updates/).
|
|
- Azure API docs are at [docs.microsoft.com/rest/api](https://docs.microsoft.com/rest/api/).
|
|
- General Azure docs are at [docs.microsoft.com/azure](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure).
|
|
|
|
### Other Azure packages for Go
|
|
|
|
- [Azure Storage Blobs](https://azure.microsoft.com/services/storage/blobs) - [github.com/Azure/azure-storage-blob-go](https://github.com/Azure/azure-storage-blob-go)
|
|
- [Azure Applications Insights](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/application-insights/) - [github.com/Microsoft/ApplicationInsights-Go](https://github.com/Microsoft/ApplicationInsights-Go)
|
|
|
|
## License
|
|
|
|
Apache 2.0, see [LICENSE](./LICENSE).
|
|
|
|
## Contribute
|
|
|
|
See [CONTRIBUTING.md](./CONTRIBUTING.md).
|
|
|
|
[samples_repo]: https://github.com/Azure-Samples/azure-sdk-for-go-samples
|
|
|