186 lines
5.9 KiB
Markdown
186 lines
5.9 KiB
Markdown
# s3fs
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s3fs allows Linux, macOS, and FreeBSD to mount an S3 bucket via [FUSE(Filesystem in Userspace)](https://github.com/libfuse/libfuse).
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s3fs makes you operate files and directories in S3 bucket like a local file system.
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s3fs preserves the native object format for files, allowing use of other tools like [AWS CLI](https://github.com/aws/aws-cli).
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[](https://github.com/s3fs-fuse/s3fs-fuse/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
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[](https://twitter.com/s3fsfuse)
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## Features
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* large subset of POSIX including reading/writing files, directories, symlinks, mode, uid/gid, and extended attributes
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* compatible with Amazon S3, and other [S3-based object stores](https://github.com/s3fs-fuse/s3fs-fuse/wiki/Non-Amazon-S3)
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* allows random writes and appends
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* large files via multi-part upload
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* renames via server-side copy
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* optional server-side encryption
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* data integrity via MD5 hashes
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* in-memory metadata caching
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* local disk data caching
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* user-specified regions, including Amazon GovCloud
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* authenticate via v2 or v4 signatures
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## Installation
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Many systems provide pre-built packages:
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* Amazon Linux via EPEL:
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```
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sudo amazon-linux-extras install epel
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sudo yum install s3fs-fuse
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```
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* Arch Linux:
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```
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sudo pacman -S s3fs-fuse
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```
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* Debian 9 and Ubuntu 16.04 or newer:
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```
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sudo apt install s3fs
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```
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* Fedora 27 or newer:
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```
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sudo dnf install s3fs-fuse
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```
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* Gentoo:
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```
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sudo emerge net-fs/s3fs
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```
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* RHEL and CentOS 7 or newer via EPEL:
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```
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sudo yum install epel-release
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sudo yum install s3fs-fuse
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```
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* SUSE 12 and openSUSE 42.1 or newer:
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```
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sudo zypper install s3fs
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```
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* macOS 10.12 and newer via [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/):
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```
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brew install --cask macfuse
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brew install gromgit/fuse/s3fs-mac
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```
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* FreeBSD:
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```
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pkg install fusefs-s3fs
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```
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* Windows:
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Windows has its own install, seening in [this link](COMPILATION.md)
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Otherwise consult the [compilation instructions](COMPILATION.md).
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## Examples
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s3fs supports the standard
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[AWS credentials file](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-config-files.html)
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stored in `${HOME}/.aws/credentials`. Alternatively, s3fs supports a custom passwd file.
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Finally s3fs recognizes the `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`, `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`, and `AWS_SESSION_TOKEN`
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environment variables.
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The default location for the s3fs password file can be created:
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* using a `.passwd-s3fs` file in the users home directory (i.e. `${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs`)
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* using the system-wide `/etc/passwd-s3fs` file
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Enter your credentials in a file `${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs` and set
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owner-only permissions:
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```
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echo ACCESS_KEY_ID:SECRET_ACCESS_KEY > ${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs
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chmod 600 ${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs
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```
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Run s3fs with an existing bucket `mybucket` and directory `/path/to/mountpoint`:
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```
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s3fs mybucket /path/to/mountpoint -o passwd_file=${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs
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```
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If you encounter any errors, enable debug output:
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```
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s3fs mybucket /path/to/mountpoint -o passwd_file=${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs -o dbglevel=info -f -o curldbg
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```
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You can also mount on boot by entering the following line to `/etc/fstab`:
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```
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mybucket /path/to/mountpoint fuse.s3fs _netdev,allow_other 0 0
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```
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If you use s3fs with a non-Amazon S3 implementation, specify the URL and path-style requests:
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```
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s3fs mybucket /path/to/mountpoint -o passwd_file=${HOME}/.passwd-s3fs -o url=https://url.to.s3/ -o use_path_request_style
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```
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or(fstab)
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```
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mybucket /path/to/mountpoint fuse.s3fs _netdev,allow_other,use_path_request_style,url=https://url.to.s3/ 0 0
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```
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Note: You may also want to create the global credential file first
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```
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echo ACCESS_KEY_ID:SECRET_ACCESS_KEY > /etc/passwd-s3fs
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chmod 600 /etc/passwd-s3fs
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```
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Note2: You may also need to make sure `netfs` service is start on boot
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## Limitations
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Generally S3 cannot offer the same performance or semantics as a local file system. More specifically:
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* random writes or appends to files require rewriting the entire object, optimized with multi-part upload copy
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* metadata operations such as listing directories have poor performance due to network latency
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* non-AWS providers may have [eventual consistency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eventual_consistency) so reads can temporarily yield stale data (AWS offers read-after-write consistency [since Dec 2020](https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2020/12/amazon-s3-now-delivers-strong-read-after-write-consistency-automatically-for-all-applications/))
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* no atomic renames of files or directories
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* no coordination between multiple clients mounting the same bucket
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* no hard links
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* inotify detects only local modifications, not external ones by other clients or tools
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## References
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* [CSI for S3](https://github.com/ctrox/csi-s3) - Kubernetes CSI driver
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* [docker-s3fs-client](https://github.com/efrecon/docker-s3fs-client) - Docker image containing s3fs
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* [goofys](https://github.com/kahing/goofys) - similar to s3fs but has better performance and less POSIX compatibility
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* [s3backer](https://github.com/archiecobbs/s3backer) - mount an S3 bucket as a single file
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* [S3Proxy](https://github.com/gaul/s3proxy) - combine with s3fs to mount Backblaze B2, EMC Atmos, Microsoft Azure, and OpenStack Swift buckets
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* [s3ql](https://github.com/s3ql/s3ql/) - similar to s3fs but uses its own object format
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* [YAS3FS](https://github.com/danilop/yas3fs) - similar to s3fs but uses SNS to allow multiple clients to mount a bucket
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## Frequently Asked Questions
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* [FAQ wiki page](https://github.com/s3fs-fuse/s3fs-fuse/wiki/FAQ)
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* [s3fs on Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/s3fs)
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* [s3fs on Server Fault](https://serverfault.com/questions/tagged/s3fs)
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## License
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Copyright (C) 2010 Randy Rizun <rrizun@gmail.com>
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Licensed under the GNU GPL version 2
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